What are Carbohydrates?
Carbohydrates are organic compounds made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, and are one of the primary macronutrients essential for human health. They serve as the body's main source of energy.
Types of Carbohydrates
- Simple Carbohydrates:
- Composed of one or two sugar molecules.
- Examples include glucose, fructose, and sucrose.
- Found in fruits, honey, and table sugar.
- Complex Carbohydrates:
- Made up of longer chains of sugar molecules.
- Examples include starch, glycogen, and fiber.
- Found in whole grains, legumes, and vegetables.
Functions of Carbohydrates
- Energy Source:
- Provide readily available energy for bodily functions and physical activities.
- Storage of Energy:
- Excess carbohydrates are stored as glycogen in the liver and muscles for later use.
- Digestive Health:
- Dietary fiber, a type of carbohydrate, aids in digestion and helps prevent constipation.
Recommended Intake
- It is generally recommended that carbohydrates make up 45-65% of total daily calorie intake, focusing on whole grains, fruits, and vegetables for optimal health.
Conclusion
In summary, carbohydrates are vital for energy, digestion, and overall health. Understanding their types and functions helps in making informed dietary choices for a balanced lifestyle.