Judicial Control over Administration
- Role of Judiciary: The judiciary acts as the guardian of the Constitution, ensuring that administrative actions comply with legal standards.
- Public Interest Litigation (PIL): Enables citizens to seek judicial intervention in administrative matters, promoting accountability.
- Judicial Review: Courts can invalidate administrative actions that violate laws or exceed powers, thus checking arbitrariness.
- Protection of Fundamental Rights: The judiciary safeguards citizens' rights against unlawful administrative actions, enhancing citizens' trust.
- Efficiency: Judicial processes can be lengthy, sometimes leading to delays in justice and administrative efficiency.
Legislative Control over Administration
- Oversight Functions: The legislature monitors administrative actions through questions, debates, and committee reviews, ensuring transparency.
- Budgetary Control: The legislature has the power to approve or reject budgets, directly influencing administrative priorities and operations.
- Law-Making Power: Through legislation, the parliament can define the scope of administrative powers, thereby shaping policy direction.
- Accountability Mechanisms: Legislative committees can summon officials for accountability, enhancing responsiveness of the administration.
- Political Influence: Legislative control can be hampered by party politics, leading to inefficiencies in oversight and accountability.
Conclusion
- Complementary Roles: Both judicial and legislative controls are crucial but serve different functions. The judiciary ensures legal compliance while the legislature guarantees accountability.
- Challenges: The effectiveness of both controls can be hindered by delays, political interference, and bureaucratic resistance.
In summation, while the judiciary provides a critical check on arbitrary administrative actions, the legislature plays a vital role in shaping and overseeing administrative functions. Both are essential for a balanced system of governance in India.