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What was the outcome of the implementation of the mandal commission report?
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Background of the Mandal Commission
The Mandal Commission, established in 1979, aimed to identify socially and educationally backward classes (SEBCs) in India. Its primary recommendation was the reservation of 27% of government jobs and educational institutions for these groups.
Implementation and Outcome
The recommendations were implemented by the Indian government in 1990, leading to significant socio-political changes.
Key Outcomes:
  • Increased Reservations: The implementation added to the existing reservations for Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs), leading to a total of 49.5% reservations in government jobs and educational institutions.
  • Rise of Backward Classes: The policy empowered backward classes, enhancing their representation in various sectors, including politics, education, and employment.
  • Social Tensions: The implementation sparked widespread protests, particularly among upper castes who felt marginalized. This unrest highlighted existing caste tensions in Indian society.
  • Political Ramifications: The Mandal Commission's recommendations reshaped political alliances and strategies, leading to the rise of regional parties that sought to represent backward classes.
  • Educational Impact: Increased access to education for backward classes resulted in improved literacy rates and socio-economic conditions within these communities.

Conclusion
The implementation of the Mandal Commission report marked a crucial turning point in India's affirmative action policy. It aimed to address historical injustices, yet it also highlighted the complexities of caste dynamics in the country, causing both empowerment and conflict.
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