Instrument to measure wind speed

An instrument used to measure wind speed is called an anemometer. An anemometer is a device that measures the speed and direction of wind. There are several types of anemometers available in the market, including the cup anemometer, the vane anemometer, the hot-wire anemometer, and the sonic anemometer.

Cup Anemometer

The cup anemometer is the most common type of anemometer. It consists of three or four cups mounted on a horizontal axis. The cups are designed to rotate when wind blows on them. The speed of rotation is directly proportional to the wind speed. This rotation is converted into an electrical signal, which can be measured and recorded by the anemometer.

Vane Anemometer

The vane anemometer is another type of anemometer that measures wind speed and direction. It consists of a vertical shaft with a propeller-like device at the top. The propeller rotates when wind blows on it, and the speed and direction of the rotation are measured and recorded by the anemometer.

Hot-wire Anemometer

The hot-wire anemometer measures wind speed by detecting the change in resistance of a wire when exposed to wind. The wire is heated by an electric current, and the rate of cooling is measured when wind blows over it. The change in cooling rate is proportional to the wind speed.

Sonic Anemometer

The sonic anemometer measures wind speed and direction using sound waves. The anemometer emits ultrasonic waves, which are reflected by small particles in the air. The time taken for the waves to travel between the emitter and receiver is measured and used to calculate wind speed and direction.

In conclusion, the choice of anemometer depends on the application and the level of accuracy required. Anemometers are essential tools for meteorologists, wind energy experts, and anyone else who needs to measure wind speed and direction.