Assertion (A): Intelligence can be influenced more by situational fact...
(b) If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
Assertion (A): Intelligence can be influenced more by situational factors than by individual personality traits.
- Intelligence is shaped by both innate factors (such as genetics and personality) and external factors (such as environment, education, and social conditions).
- While situational factors (e.g., access to resources, exposure to learning opportunities) can significantly impact intelligence, it is not universally accepted that they have a greater influence than personality traits.
- However, the statement is plausibly true in many cases.
Reason (R): The situationist perspective emphasizes that behavior varies significantly across different contexts, leading to similar responses from individuals with distinct personality traits.
- The situationist perspective in psychology suggests that behavior is largely shaped by external circumstances rather than stable personality traits.
- While this perspective is valid, it primarily addresses behavior rather than intelligence.
Since both statements are true but Reason does not directly explain the Assertion, option (b) is the best choice.
Assertion (A): Intelligence can be influenced more by situational fact...
Understanding the Assertion and Reason
The relationship between intelligence, situational factors, and personality traits is a complex topic in psychology.
Assertion (A): Intelligence can be influenced more by situational factors than by individual personality traits.
Reason (R): The situationist perspective emphasizes that behavior varies significantly across different contexts, leading to similar responses from individuals with distinct personality traits.
Analysis of Assertion (A)
- Validity: Research supports that intelligence is not solely determined by inherent traits; situational factors, such as environment, stress, and social dynamics, can significantly impact cognitive performance.
- Conclusion: This assertion holds true, as it acknowledges the influence of context on intelligence.
Analysis of Reason (R)
- Validity: The situationist perspective indeed suggests that behavior changes based on context. This perspective highlights that individuals may respond similarly in varied circumstances despite differing personality traits.
- Relation to Assertion: While the reason is accurate, it does not directly explain why intelligence is more influenced by situational factors than personality traits. It discusses behavioral variability rather than directly addressing the impact on intelligence itself.
Conclusion
- Since both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason does not directly explain Assertion, the correct answer is option 'B'. This implies that while both statements are valid, the connection between them is not causative, hence they stand independently in their truths.