Consider the following pairs regarding the modes of acquiring Indian citizenship:1. By Birth - A person born in India on or after January 26, 1950, with at least one parent being an Indian citizen.2. By Descent - A person born outside India on or after January 26, 1950, with at least one grandparent being an Indian citizen.3. By Registration - A person of Indian origin who has been ordinarily resident in India for 7 years before applying.4. By Naturalization - A person who has resided in India for at least 12 years before applying for citizenship.How many pairs given above are correctly matched?a)Only two pairsb)Only one pairc)Only three pairsd)All four pairsCorrect answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Question

Answer

Introduction
Understanding the modes of acquiring Indian citizenship is essential for grasping the legal framework surrounding nationality in India. Let's analyze the pairs provided to determine their correctness.
1. By Birth
- Correct: A person born in India on or after January 26, 1950, with at least one parent being an Indian citizen is eligible for citizenship.
2. By Descent
- Incorrect: A person born outside India on or after January 26, 1950, is eligible for citizenship by descent only if at least one parent is an Indian citizen, not a grandparent.
3. By Registration
- Correct: A person of Indian origin who has been ordinarily resident in India for at least 7 years before applying can acquire citizenship through registration.
4. By Naturalization
- Incorrect: The requirement for naturalization is that a person must have resided in India for at least 12 years, but it is often specified under certain conditions, making this statement misleading or incomplete.
Summary of Correctness
- Correct Pairs:
- By Birth
- By Registration
- Incorrect Pairs:
- By Descent
- By Naturalization
Conclusion
Only two pairs (By Birth and By Registration) are correctly matched. Therefore, the correct answer is option 'B': Only one pair is entirely accurate.

Answer

1. By Birth - According to the Indian Citizenship Act, 1955, a person born in India on or after January 26, 1950, and before July 1, 1987, is considered an Indian citizen by birth regardless of parental citizenship. After July 1, 1987, at least one parent must be an Indian citizen for the child to acquire citizenship by birth.

2. By Descent - Incorrect. According to the Indian Citizenship Act, a person born outside India on or after January 26, 1950, is a citizen by descent if either of the parents is an Indian citizen at the time of that person's birth, not the grandparent.

3. By Registration - Correct. This is correctly matched as a person of Indian origin who has been ordinarily resident in India for 7years before applying can acquire citizenship through registration.

4. By Naturalization - Incorrect. According to the Indian Citizenship Act, naturalization requires a person to have resided in India for 12 years. The individual must have resided in India throughout the 12 months immediately preceding the date of application and for 11 years in the 14 years preceding the 12 months.

Hence, only pair 3 is correctly matched, making the correct answer Option B : Only one pair.

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