Location of Surge Tank in Hydroelectric Power Station

A surge tank is an important component in a hydroelectric power station. It is a small reservoir or tank that is placed near the turbine and serves several purposes. The correct location of the surge tank in a hydroelectric power station is near the turbine.

Reasons for Placing Surge Tank near Turbine

The reasons for placing the surge tank near the turbine in a hydroelectric power station are:

1. To regulate the water flow: The surge tank is used to regulate the water flow to the turbine. When the water flow changes suddenly, it can cause water hammer, which can damage the turbine. The surge tank helps to prevent water hammer by regulating the water flow.

2. To maintain constant pressure: The surge tank helps to maintain a constant pressure at the inlet of the turbine. This is important because the turbine operates best when the pressure is constant. The surge tank helps to maintain the pressure by storing the excess water and releasing it when the demand for water increases.

3. To reduce the pressure fluctuations: The surge tank helps to reduce the pressure fluctuations in the penstock. When the water flow changes suddenly, it can cause pressure fluctuations in the penstock. The surge tank helps to reduce these pressure fluctuations by storing the excess water and releasing it when the demand for water increases.

4. To prevent cavitation: The surge tank helps to prevent cavitation in the turbine. Cavitation is the formation of bubbles in the water that can damage the turbine. The surge tank helps to prevent cavitation by regulating the water flow and maintaining a constant pressure at the inlet of the turbine.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the surge tank is an important component in a hydroelectric power station. It is placed near the turbine to regulate the water flow, maintain a constant pressure, reduce pressure fluctuations, and prevent cavitation. Placing the surge tank near the turbine helps to ensure that the turbine operates efficiently and safely.