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Why does the political executive have more powers than the permanent executive?
  • a)
    Because hardly any expertise is required in taking policy decisions
  • b)
    Because political executive consists of the direct representatives of the people
  • c)
    Political leaders are more educated
  • d)
    None of the above
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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Why does the political executive have more powers than the permanent e...
Political executive
1. They are  the ministers who are elected by the people.
2.They are elected by the electorate, as per the mandate of the people
3.They serve for a span of five years and can be re elected.
4. The political executives are directly accountable to the people

Permanent Executive
1, The civil servants comprises the permanent executives
2. They are selected on the basis of merit, as per the examinations taken by the Union Service Public Commission
3.They serve till their retirement age.
4. The permanent executives are not directly accountable to the people. They are  tasked with implementing the policy decisions of the political executive.


Political executive is more powerful than the permanent executive because:
a. Ministers are directly elected by the people. 
b. They are answerable and accountable to the people.
c. Democracy is based on the will of the people, therefore it is the elected ministers who represents that will and takes the final decision.
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Why does the political executive have more powers than the permanent e...
The political executive has more powers than the permanent executive because of the following reasons:

Direct representatives of the people:
The political executive consists of individuals who are elected by the people and represent their interests. They are accountable to the citizens and have a mandate to fulfill the promises made during the election campaign. Hence, they have a greater say in decision-making compared to the permanent executive, who are appointed based on their expertise and experience.

Political legitimacy:
The political executive derives its power and legitimacy from the people who have elected them. They are responsible for formulating policies and taking decisions that are in the interest of the citizens. The permanent executive, on the other hand, has limited power and is accountable to the political executive. Hence, the political executive has more power and authority in decision-making.

Policy-making:
The political executive is responsible for formulating policies that reflect the aspirations of the citizens. They have the power to initiate new policies and programs, amend existing policies, and make decisions that have far-reaching implications. The permanent executive, on the other hand, is responsible for implementing these policies and ensuring their effective implementation.

Leadership:
The political executive provides leadership to the government and is responsible for setting the agenda for the country. They have the power to take bold decisions and implement them, even if it means taking risks. The permanent executive, on the other hand, is responsible for providing support to the political executive and ensuring that their decisions are implemented effectively.

In conclusion, the political executive has more powers than the permanent executive because they are the direct representatives of the people, have political legitimacy, are responsible for policy-making, and provide leadership to the government.
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Why does the political executive have more powers than the permanent e...
In a democratic country, two categories make up the executive.one that is elected by the people for a specific period is called the political executive.and political leaders who take the big decisions fall in this category.in the 2nd category, people are appointed on a long term basis.this is called permanent executive or civil services.they remain in office even when the ruling party changes.these officers work under political executive and assist them in carrying out the day to day administration.
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Accountability, or the lack of it, in governance generally, and civil services, in particular, is a major factor underlying the deficiencies in governance and public administration. Designing an effective framework for accountability has been a key element of the reform agenda. A fundamental issue is whether civil services should be accountable to the political executive of the day or to society at large. In other words, how should internal and external accountability be reconciled? Internal accountability is sought to be achieved by internal performance monitoring, official supervision by bodies like the —Central-Vigilance Commission-andComptroller and Auditor—General, and judicial review of executive decisions. Articles 311 and 312 of the Indian Constitution provide job security and safeguards to the civil services, especially the All India Services. The framers of the Constitution had envisaged that provision of these safeguards would result in a civil service that is not totally subservient to the political executive but will have the strength to function in larger public interest. The need to balance internal and external accountability is thus built into the Constitution. The issue is where to draw the line. Over the years, the emphasis seems to have tilted in favour of greater internal accountability of the civil services to the political leaders of the day who in turn are expected to be externally accountable to the society at large through the election process. This system for seeking accountability to Society has not worked out, and has led to several adverse consequences for governance.Some special measures can be considered for improving accountability in civil services.Provisions of articles 311 and 312 should be reviewed and laws and regulations framed to ensure external accountability of civil services. The proposed Civil Services Bill seeks to address some of these requirements. The respective roles of professional civil services and the political executive should he defined so that professional managerial functions and management of civil services are depoliticized. For this purpose, effective statutory civil service boards should be created at the centre and in the states. Decentralization and devolution of authority to bring government and decision making closer to the people also helps to enhance accountability.Q. Which one of the following is the essential message implied by this passage?

Accountability, or the lack of it, in governance generally, and civil services, in particular, is a major factor underlying the deficiencies in governance and public administration. Designing an effective framework for accountability has been a key element of the reform agenda. A fundamental issue is whether civil services should be accountable to the political executive of the day or to society at large. In other words, how should internal and external accountability be reconciled? Internal accountability is sought to be achieved by internal performance monitoring, official supervision by bodies like the —Central-Vigilance Commission-andComptroller and Auditor—General, and judicial review of executive decisions. Articles 311 and 312 of the Indian Constitution provide job security and safeguards to the civil services, especially the All India Services. The framers of the Constitution had envisaged that provision of these safeguards would result in a civil service that is not totally subservient to the political executive but will have the strength to function in larger public interest. The need to balance internal and external accountability is thus built into the Constitution. The issue is where to draw the line. Over the years, the emphasis seems to have tilted in favour of greater internal accountability of the civil services to the political leaders of the day who in turn are expected to be externally accountable to the society at large through the election process. This system for seeking accountability to Society has not worked out, and has led to several adverse consequences for governance.Some special measures can be considered for improving accountability in civil services.Provisions of articles 311 and 312 should be reviewed and laws and regulations framed to ensure external accountability of civil services. The proposed Civil Services Bill seeks to address some of these requirements. The respective roles of professional civil services and the political executive should he defined so that professional managerial functions and management of civil services are depoliticized. For this purpose, effective statutory civil service boards should be created at the centre and in the states. Decentralization and devolution of authority to bring government and decision making closer to the people also helps to enhance accountability.Q. With reference to the passage, the following assumptions have been made : 1. Political executive is an obstacle to the accountability of the civil services to the society 2. In the present framework of Indian polity, the political executive is no longer accountable to the society Which of these assumptions is/are valid?

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Why does the political executive have more powers than the permanent executive?a)Because hardly any expertise is required in taking policy decisionsb)Because political executive consists of the direct representatives of the peoplec)Political leaders are more educatedd)None of the aboveCorrect answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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