The function of economizer in a boiler is to reduce fuel consumption.

An economizer is a heat exchanger that is used to recover heat from the flue gases of a boiler. It is typically located at the boiler outlet and is designed to preheat the feedwater before it enters the boiler. The feedwater is usually supplied at ambient temperature, but by using an economizer, it can be heated to a higher temperature, which reduces the amount of fuel required to raise the temperature of the water to the desired steam conditions.

How does an economizer work?

1. Heat recovery: The economizer utilizes the waste heat from the flue gases to heat the feedwater. The hot flue gases from the boiler pass through the economizer tubes, while the feedwater flows inside the tubes. Heat is transferred from the flue gases to the feedwater, raising its temperature.

2. Preheating the feedwater: The heated feedwater leaving the economizer is then supplied to the boiler. By preheating the feedwater, the economizer reduces the amount of fuel required to heat the water to the desired steam conditions.

Advantages of using an economizer:

1. Fuel savings: The main advantage of using an economizer is the reduction in fuel consumption. By preheating the feedwater, the economizer reduces the amount of fuel needed to produce steam, resulting in cost savings and increased efficiency.

2. Lower emissions: The use of an economizer also leads to lower emissions of greenhouse gases and pollutants. By reducing the fuel consumption, the economizer helps to minimize the environmental impact of boiler operations.

3. Improved boiler efficiency: The addition of an economizer to a boiler system increases its overall efficiency. By recovering waste heat from the flue gases, the economizer maximizes the heat transfer process and improves the thermal efficiency of the boiler.

In conclusion, the function of an economizer in a boiler is to reduce fuel consumption by recovering waste heat from the flue gases and preheating the feedwater. This leads to cost savings, lower emissions, and improved boiler efficiency.