Give examples of expected pattern of behaviour between people of diffe...
Group Roles
The concept of roles is applicable to all employees within an organization as well as to their life outside the organization. A role is a set of expected behavior patterns attributed to the one who occupies the position demanded by the social unit.
Individuals play multiple roles at the same time. Employees attempt to understand what kind of behavior is expected from them. An individual when presented by divergent role expectations experiences role conflict.
Group roles are divided into three types −
Task-oriented Roles
Roles allotted to individuals according to their work and eligibility is known as task-oriented roles. Task-oriented roles can broadly divide individuals into six categories initiator, informer, clarifier, summarizer, reality tester and information seekers or providers respectively.
Initiator − The one who proposes, suggests, defines.
Informer − The one who offers facts, expresses feelings, gives opinions.
Clarifier − The one who interprets, defines, clarifies everything.
Summarizer − The one who links, restates, concludes, summarizes.
Reality Tester − The one who provides critical analysis.
Information seekers or providers − The one who gives information and data.
These roles present the work performed by different individual according to their marked designation.
Relationship-oriented Roles
Roles that group individuals according to their efforts made to maintain healthy relationship in the group and achieve the goals are known as relationship-oriented roles. There are five categories of individuals in this category − harmonizer, gate keeper, consensus tester, encourager, and compromiser.
Harmonizer − The one who limits tension and reconciles disagreements.
Gate Keeper − The one who ensures participation by all.
Consensus Tester − The one who analyzes the decision-making process.
Encourager − The one who is warm, responsive, active, shows acceptance.
Compromiser − The one who admits error and limits conflict.
These roles depict the various roles an individual plays to maintain healthy self as well as group relationships.
Individual Roles
Roles that classify a person according to the measure of individual effort put in the project aimed is known as individual roles. Five types of individuals fall into these roles − aggressor, blocker, dominator, cavalier, and avoidance.
Aggressor − The one who devalues others, attacks ideas.
Blocker − The one who disagrees and rebels beyond reason.
Dominator − The one who insists superiority to manipulate.
Cavalier − The one who takes part in a group non-productively.
Avoidance − The one who shows special interest to avoid task.
These are the various roles a person plays in an organization.