Class 7 History Chapter 2 is about "New Kings and Kingdoms". In this chapter, we learn about the emergence of new kingdoms after the fall of the Gupta Empire.


After the fall of the Gupta Empire, the subcontinent was divided into many small kingdoms. Some of the prominent ones were:

• Chalukyas: They ruled over the Deccan Plateau and their capital was Badami.


• Pallavas: They ruled over the southern part of the country and their capital was Kanchipuram.


• Cholas: They were one of the most powerful dynasties in the south and their capital was Thanjavur.


• Rajputs: They were a group of warrior clans who ruled over Northern India.


• Pala dynasty: They ruled over eastern India and their capital was Pataliputra.

The new kingdoms had different forms of government. Some were monarchies where the king was the supreme authority, while others had a council of ministers to help the king. Society was divided into different castes, and people had to follow strict rules about their profession and marriage.


The new kingdoms were patronizers of different religions, including Buddhism, Jainism, and Hinduism. They built many temples and stupas, some of which are still standing today. The kingdoms also had their own unique art and architecture that reflected their culture.


Class 7 History Chapter 2 teaches us about the emergence of new kingdoms after the fall of the Gupta Empire. We learn about their administration, society, religion, and culture. Understanding the history of these kingdoms helps us to appreciate the rich diversity of our country's past.

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