The Deccan Riots Commission was set up the Government of Bombay to inquire into the causes of the Deccan riots. The commission presented a report in the British Parliament in 1878.It provides historians with a range of sources for the study of the riot. The commission reported that the government demand was not the cause of peasant anger.

Deccan Riots. ... The Deccan Riots of 1875 targeted conditions of debt peonage (kamiuti) to moneylenders. The rioters' specific purpose was to obtain and destroy the bonds, decrees, and other documents in the possession of the moneylenders

The Deccan Ryots Commission was formed in British India during the colonial period to investigate and address the grievances of the ryots (peasants) in the Deccan region. This commission was established in response to the widespread unrest and protests among the ryots due to their worsening economic conditions and the oppressive agricultural policies imposed by the British colonial administration.

Background:
- The British introduced various economic policies and land revenue systems in India, which significantly affected the ryots.
- The ryots in the Deccan region faced several issues such as high land revenue, excessive taxation, and the Zamindari system.
- The Zamindari system involved intermediaries, known as Zamindars, who collected revenue from the ryots and often exploited them.
- The ryots were burdened with heavy debts, and their lands were often auctioned off due to non-payment of revenue.
- These factors led to widespread agrarian distress and peasant uprisings in the Deccan region.

Formation of the Commission:
- In 1901, the British government established the Deccan Ryots Commission to investigate the grievances of the ryots and propose reforms.
- The commission consisted of members who were British officials and Indian landholders.
- The main objective of the commission was to understand the problems faced by the ryots and suggest measures for their relief.

Investigations and Recommendations:
- The commission conducted extensive surveys and collected data regarding land revenue, agricultural practices, and the socio-economic conditions of the ryots.
- It examined the impact of the Zamindari system on the ryots and analyzed their indebtedness.
- The commission recommended the reduction of land revenue and taxation to provide relief to the ryots.
- It also proposed the abolition of the Zamindari system and the establishment of direct settlement between the government and the ryots.
- The commission emphasized the need for agricultural improvements, such as irrigation facilities and better farming techniques.
- Furthermore, the commission suggested the provision of credit facilities to the ryots to alleviate their financial burdens.

Impact and Significance:
- The recommendations of the Deccan Ryots Commission played a crucial role in shaping the agrarian policies of the British government.
- The commission's findings highlighted the exploitative nature of the Zamindari system and the need for agrarian reforms.
- The recommendations led to some reforms, such as the reduction of land revenue in certain areas and the establishment of cooperative credit societies.
- Despite these reforms, the overall impact of the commission's recommendations was limited, and the ryots continued to face significant challenges in the colonial agrarian system.

In conclusion, the Deccan Ryots Commission was formed to investigate the grievances of the ryots in the Deccan region and propose measures for their relief. It played a significant role in highlighting the issues of the ryots and suggesting reforms, although the overall impact on their conditions remained limited.