The Great Divide: Demographic History of India

The year 1921 is known as the Great Divide in the demographic history of India. This is because of the following reasons:

1. Shift in Population Growth Rate:

Before 1921, India's population growth rate was almost stagnant due to high birth and death rates. However, after 1921, there was a significant shift in the population growth rate due to a decline in death rates. This was due to the improvement in public health, sanitation, and medical facilities.

2. Change in Age Structure:

The Great Divide also marked a change in the age structure of the Indian population. The proportion of children below the age of 15 years decreased, and the proportion of people above the age of 45 years increased. This change in the age structure had a significant impact on the Indian economy, society, and politics.

3. Impact on Education:

The Great Divide also had an impact on the education system in India. With the decline in birth rates, there was a decrease in the number of students in schools. This led to the closure of many schools, especially in rural areas. However, with the increase in the proportion of people above the age of 45 years, there was a demand for adult education.

4. Impact on Family Planning:

The Great Divide also marked the beginning of family planning in India. With the decline in birth rates, the government realized the need for family planning to control the population growth rate. This led to the launch of various family planning programs in India.

Conclusion

The Great Divide in the demographic history of India was a significant event that marked a shift in the population growth rate, age structure, education, and family planning. It had a profound impact on the Indian economy, society, and politics and has left a lasting legacy on the country.