Detailed
Carbohydrates are macronutrients that are broken down during digestion into simpler molecules that can be absorbed and utilized by the body. The final product of carbohydrate digestion is glucose.
Here is a detailed explanation of the digestion process and the final product:
1. Digestion of Carbohydrates:
- Carbohydrate digestion begins in the mouth with the action of salivary amylase, which breaks down complex carbohydrates into smaller polysaccharides and disaccharides.
- In the stomach, the acidic environment stops the action of salivary amylase, and carbohydrate digestion temporarily ceases.
- In the small intestine, the pancreatic amylase is released and continues the breakdown of polysaccharides and disaccharides into smaller units.
- The brush border enzymes on the lining of the small intestine further break down these smaller units into monosaccharides.
2. Absorption of Glucose:
- Glucose, along with other monosaccharides like fructose and galactose, is absorbed by the cells lining the small intestine.
- The absorbed glucose enters the bloodstream and is transported to various tissues and organs in the body.
3. Utilization of Glucose:
- Glucose is the primary source of energy for the body's cells. It is transported into the cells and undergoes cellular respiration to produce ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the energy currency of the body.
- Excess glucose can be stored in the liver and muscle cells as glycogen, which can be broken down and released when needed.
In conclusion, the final product of carbohydrate digestion is glucose. It is essential for energy production and is utilized by the body's cells to perform various functions.