Anti Ballistic Missile Defence System | Science & Technology for UPSC CSE PDF Download

Introduction

India has been developing its Ballistic Missile Defense (BMD) program for the past two decades. This program is now reportedly ready for deployment in India's national capital territory. The BMD system comprises multiple phases, with ongoing efforts to refine and expand its capabilities. 

Components of the BMD System

Advanced Air Defence (AAD) Interceptor

• The AAD interceptor is a crucial component of India's BMD system.
• It is developed by the Defense Research and Development Organization (DRDO), which is the research and development wing of the Defense Ministry.
• Collaborative efforts with the Hyderabad-based Research Centre Imarat (RCI) have contributed to its development.

Prithvi Air Defence (PAD) System

• The PAD system is another essential part of India's BMD program.
• It operates in the exo-atmosphere and complements the AAD interceptor.
• These systems work together to provide comprehensive missile defense capabilities.

Key Facts about AAD Interceptor

Endo-Atmospheric Capabilities

• The AAD interceptor is designed to operate within the endo-atmosphere, targeting incoming threats at altitudes ranging from 15 to 25 kilometers.

Interceptor Missile Features

• The AAD interceptor missile is 7.5 meters in length and utilizes a single-stage solid rocket propulsion system.
• It is equipped with advanced technology, including a navigation system, a sophisticated computer, and an electro-mechanical activator.

Independence and Mobility

• The interceptor missile is highly mobile and comes with its own launcher.
• It boasts a secure data link for interception, allowing it to operate independently.
• The missile also possesses tracking and homing capabilities, ensuring precise targeting.

Radar Support

• To enhance its effectiveness, the AAD interceptor is supported by sophisticated radar systems that aid in target detection and tracking.

Conclusion

India's Anti-Ballistic Missile Defense (BMD) program has reached an advanced stage of development, with the AAD interceptor playing a critical role in the two-layered BMD system. This system is poised to protect India's national capital territory and continues to evolve, fine-tuning its capabilities for the future.