UPSC Exam  >  UPSC Notes  >  Science & Technology for UPSC CSE  >  Artificial Intelligence and Robotics

Artificial Intelligence and Robotics | Science & Technology for UPSC CSE PDF Download

Overview of Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Definition of AI

  • Artificial intelligence (AI) is a field within computer science dedicated to creating computer systems that emulate human-like behavior.

AI Capabilities

  • AI encompasses machines' abilities to perform cognitive tasks, such as thinking, perceiving, learning, problem-solving, and decision-making.
  • Initially, AI aimed to replicate human intelligence.

Evolution of AI

  • Advances in data collection, processing, and computing power have transformed AI's capabilities.
  • AI is now employed in various fields, enhancing productivity and connectivity.

AI's Exponential Growth

Ubiquitous AI

  • AI is integrated into daily life, influencing recommendations on streaming and shopping platforms, GPS technology, and more.
  • AI's utilization generates vast amounts of data, fueling its continuous improvement.

Transformative Potential

  • AI's transformative potential is compared to the harnessing of electricity.
  • It has evolved rapidly, surpassing human champions in tasks like Jeopardy.

Promise of AI

  • Automation, big data, and algorithms are reshaping various aspects of life.
  • AI has the potential to address global challenges like hunger, poverty, and disease.
  • It opens new pathways for climate change mitigation, education, and scientific discovery.

AI's Positive Impact

Economic Contribution

  • AI could contribute over $15 trillion to the global economy by 2030, increasing global GDP by 14%.
  • "AI for good" initiatives identify over 2,600 use cases worldwide.

Supporting Sustainable Development

  • AI can enable 79% of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) targets, according to a study in Nature.

Challenges of AI

Energy Consumption

  • Data centers consume substantial energy, with about 40% dedicated to cooling IT equipment.
  • Moving data centers to cooler climates faces challenges due to stricter data security legislations.

Environmental Impact

  • Coolants in data centers often contain hazardous chemicals.
  • Battery backups contribute to environmental issues, from mining to disposal.

Job Displacement

  • AI and robotics are replacing low-income workers in various industries.

Algorithmic Bias

  • AI algorithms rely on past digital searches to predict and shape user preferences.

Privacy Concerns

Data Privacy

  • AI's constant data collection raises concerns about data privacy.
  • Users are profiled without informed consent, leading to echo chambers and behavior manipulation.

AI's Double-Edged Sword

Carbon Footprint

  • AI's computational demands lead to power-hungry data centers and environmental impact.
  • Lack of reskilling policies may exacerbate inequalities.

Big Tech Influence

  • A few tech giants hold massive influence in AI, potentially replicating existing problems.

Measures to Avoid Misuse of AI

Ethical Considerations

  • Ethical concerns in AI must be addressed through a "whole of society" approach.
  • Governments and tech companies share responsibility for AI governance.
  • Transparency, accountability, and inclusion are vital for ethical AI.

Global Cooperation

  • A "whole of world" approach is necessary for global AI governance.
  • Initiatives like NITI Aayog's Responsible AI for All aim for fair and inclusive AI dividends.

Conclusion

Global Efforts

  • Initiatives like the UN Secretary-General's Roadmap and UNESCO's AI ethics draft are steps toward ethical AI use.
  • The application of ethical principles in real-world scenarios requires extensive multi-stakeholder reflection and resolution.

AI's Promise

  • AI's true potential for humanity will be realized through ethical governance and cooperation.
The document Artificial Intelligence and Robotics | Science & Technology for UPSC CSE is a part of the UPSC Course Science & Technology for UPSC CSE.
All you need of UPSC at this link: UPSC
146 videos|358 docs|249 tests

Top Courses for UPSC

FAQs on Artificial Intelligence and Robotics - Science & Technology for UPSC CSE

1. What is Artificial Intelligence (AI)?
Ans. Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence in machines that are programmed to think and learn like humans. It involves the development of computer systems capable of performing tasks that would typically require human intelligence, such as speech recognition, decision-making, problem-solving, and understanding natural language.
2. How is AI experiencing exponential growth?
Ans. AI is experiencing exponential growth due to advancements in computing power, availability of big data, and improvements in algorithms. These factors have enabled AI systems to process and analyze vast amounts of data at high speeds, leading to significant breakthroughs in areas such as machine learning, deep learning, and natural language processing. As a result, AI technologies have become more sophisticated and capable of performing complex tasks with greater accuracy and efficiency.
3. What are the challenges of AI?
Ans. The challenges of AI include ethical considerations, job displacement, bias in algorithms, security concerns, and the potential for misuse. Ethical considerations involve questions about the impact of AI on human society, privacy, and the potential for AI to be used in harmful ways. Job displacement refers to the potential loss of jobs as AI systems automate tasks previously performed by humans. Bias in algorithms can arise when AI systems learn from biased data, leading to discriminatory outcomes. Security concerns involve the vulnerability of AI systems to cyberattacks and unauthorized access. Lastly, the misuse of AI raises concerns about its potential for malicious activities, such as cybercrime or autonomous weapons.
4. What are the privacy concerns related to AI?
Ans. Privacy concerns related to AI center around the collection, storage, and use of personal data. AI systems often rely on large amounts of data to learn and make predictions, which can include sensitive information about individuals. There is a risk that this data can be mishandled or used for purposes that individuals did not consent to. Additionally, AI-powered surveillance technologies raise concerns about the invasion of privacy and the potential for mass surveillance.
5. How can the misuse of AI be avoided?
Ans. To avoid the misuse of AI, several measures can be implemented. These include the establishment of ethical guidelines and regulations for the development and use of AI technologies. Transparency in AI algorithms and decision-making processes can help prevent bias and ensure accountability. Robust cybersecurity measures should be in place to protect AI systems from unauthorized access and malicious attacks. Additionally, ongoing research, development, and collaboration among stakeholders can help identify potential risks and challenges associated with AI and take proactive measures to address them.
146 videos|358 docs|249 tests
Download as PDF
Explore Courses for UPSC exam

Top Courses for UPSC

Signup for Free!
Signup to see your scores go up within 7 days! Learn & Practice with 1000+ FREE Notes, Videos & Tests.
10M+ students study on EduRev
Related Searches

Extra Questions

,

Free

,

Exam

,

video lectures

,

mock tests for examination

,

MCQs

,

Previous Year Questions with Solutions

,

Important questions

,

study material

,

past year papers

,

pdf

,

shortcuts and tricks

,

Artificial Intelligence and Robotics | Science & Technology for UPSC CSE

,

Objective type Questions

,

Viva Questions

,

practice quizzes

,

Sample Paper

,

Summary

,

Artificial Intelligence and Robotics | Science & Technology for UPSC CSE

,

Artificial Intelligence and Robotics | Science & Technology for UPSC CSE

,

Semester Notes

,

ppt

;