CSS Borders | CSS for Beginners - Class 6 PDF Download

Borders

CSS Border Style

• dotted - Defines a dotted border
• dashed - Defines a dashed border
• solid - Defines a solid border
• double - Defines a double border
• groove - Defines a 3D grooved border. The effect depends on the border-color value
• ridge - Defines a 3D ridged border. The effect depends on the border-color value
• inset - Defines a 3D inset border. The effect depends on the border-color value
• outset - Defines a 3D outset border. The effect depends on the border-color value
• none - Defines no border
• hidden - Defines a hidden border

The border-style property can have from one to four values (for the top border, right border, bottom border, and the left border).

Example
Demonstration of the different border styles:

p.dotted {border-style: dotted;}

p.dashed {border-style: dashed;}

p.solid {border-style: solid;}

p.double {border-style: double;}

p.groove {border-style: groove;}

p.ridge {border-style: ridge;}

p.inset {border-style: inset;}

p.outset {border-style: outset;}

p.none {border-style: none;}

p.hidden {border-style: hidden;}

p.mix {border-style: dotted dashed solid double;}

Result:
No border.
A hidden border.

CSS Border Width

• The border-width property specifies the width of the four borders.
• The width can be set as a specific size (in px, pt, cm, em, etc) or by using one of the three pre-defined values: thin, medium, or thick:

Example
Demonstration of the different border widths:

p.one {

  border-style: solid;

  border-width: 5px;

}

p.two {

  border-style: solid;

  border-width: medium;

}

p.three {

  border-style: dotted;

  border-width: 2px;

}

p.four {

  border-style: dotted;

  border-width: thick;

}

Result:

Specific Side Widths
The border-width property can have from one to four values (for the top border, right border, bottom border, and the left border):

Example

p.one {

  border-style: solid;

  border-width: 5px 20px; /* 5px top and bottom, 20px on the sides */

}

p.two {

  border-style: solid;

  border-width: 20px 5px; /* 20px top and bottom, 5px on the sides */

}

p.three {

  border-style: solid;

  border-width: 25px 10px 4px 35px; /* 25px top, 10px right, 4px bottom and 35px left */

}

CSS Border Color

• name - specify a color name, like "red"
• HEX - specify a HEX value, like "#ff0000"
• RGB - specify a RGB value, like "rgb(255,0,0)"
• HSL - specify a HSL value, like "hsl(0, 100%, 50%)"
• transparent

Note: If border-color is not set, it inherits the color of the element.

Example
Demonstration of the different border colors:

p.one {

  border-style: solid;

  border-color: red;

}

p.two {

  border-style: solid;

  border-color: green;

}

p.three {

  border-style: dotted;

  border-color: blue;

}

Result:

Specific Side Colors
The border-color property can have from one to four values (for the top border, right border, bottom border, and the left border). 

Example

p.one {

  border-style: solid;

  border-color: red green blue yellow; /* red top, green right, blue bottom and yellow left */

}

HEX Values

• The color of the border can also be specified using a hexadecimal value (HEX):

Example

p.one {

  border-style: solid;

  border-color: #ff0000; /* red */

}

RGB Values Or by using RGB values:

Example

p.one {

  border-style: solid;

  border-color: rgb(255, 0, 0); /* red */

}

HSL Values
You can also use HSL values:

Example

p.one {

  border-style: solid;

  border-color: hsl(0, 100%, 50%); /* red */

}

CSS Border Sides

• From the examples on the previous pages, you have seen that it is possible to specify a different border for each side.
• In CSS, there are also properties for specifying each of the borders (top, right, bottom, and left):

Example

p {

  border-top-style: dotted;

  border-right-style: solid;

  border-bottom-style: dotted;

  border-left-style: solid;

}

Result:

The example above gives the same result as this:

Example

p {

  border-style: dotted solid;

}

So, here is how it works:
If the border-style property has four values:

• border-style: dotted solid double dashed;
  • top border is dotted
  • right border is solid
  • bottom border is double
  • left border is dashed

If the border-style property has three values:

• border-style: dotted solid double;
  • top border is dotted
  • right and left borders are solid
  • bottom border is double

If the border-style property has two values:

• border-style: dotted solid;
  • top and bottom borders are dotted
  • right and left borders are solid

If the border-style property has one value:

• border-style: dotted;
  • all four borders are dotted

Example

/* Four values */

p {

  border-style: dotted solid double dashed;

}

/* Three values */

p {

  border-style: dotted solid double;

}

/* Two values */

p {

  border-style: dotted solid;

}

/* One value */

p {

  border-style: dotted;

}

CSS Border - Shorthand Property

• Like you saw in the previous page, there are many properties to consider when dealing with borders.
• To shorten the code, it is also possible to specify all the individual border properties in one property.
• The border property is a shorthand property for the following individual border properties:
  border-width
  border-style (required)
  border-color

Example

p {

  border: 5px solid red;

}

Result:

You can also specify all the individual border properties for just one side:
Left Border

p {

  border-left: 6px solid red;

}

Result:

Bottom Border

p {

  border-bottom: 6px solid red;

}

Result

CSS Rounded Borders

Example

p {

  border: 2px solid red;

  border-radius: 5px;

}