Cheat Sheet: The Delhi Sultanate | History for UPSC CSE PDF Download

Introduction

The Delhi Sultanate, a significant Islamic empire spanning 320 years, played a crucial role in shaping the socio-political landscape of South Asia. Ruled by five successive dynasties, namely the Mamluk, Khalji, Tughlaq, Sayyid, and Lodi, the sultanate left a lasting impact on the region. This article provides a chronological overview of each dynasty, their key rulers, and the administrative, economic, social, and artistic aspects during their respective reigns.

Mamluk Dynasty (1206-1290 AD)

The Mamluk dynasty, also known as the Slave dynasty, marked the inception of the Delhi Sultanate. Qutb Ud-Din Aibak, a Turkic Mamluk, laid the foundation in 1206. Notable rulers included Iltutmush and Balban.

Khalji Dynasty (1290-1320 AD)

The Khalji dynasty, a Turco-Afghan rule, witnessed the conquest of South India and successful repulsion of Mongol invasions. Alauddin Khilji's reign brought about significant political changes.

Tughlaq Dynasty (1320-1414 AD)

The Tughlaq dynasty, of Turkish origin, experienced both territorial expansion and internal strife. Muhammad Bin Tughlaq's reign was marked by ambitious but impractical schemes.

Sayyid Dynasty (1414-1451 AD)

The Sayyid dynasty succeeded the Tughlaq rule, claiming descent from Prophet Muhammad. The decline of the dynasty paved the way for the rise of the Lodi dynasty.

Lodi Dynasty (1451-1526 AD)

The Lodi dynasty, of Afghan origin, marked the final chapter of the Delhi Sultanate. The rule witnessed power struggles, attempts at territorial expansion, and internal conflicts.

Administration of Delhi Sultanate

The administrative structure of the Delhi Sultanate was characterized by key roles and responsibilities underpinned by Islamic principles.

Economy under Delhi Sultanate

The economic landscape of the Delhi Sultanate witnessed trade expansion, currency systems, and various revenue sources.

Social Life During Delhi Sultanate

Social life during the Delhi Sultanate was marked by transition, cultural disparities, and the influence of nobility.

Art and Architecture During Delhi Sultanate

Art and architecture during the Delhi Sultanate showcased the introduction of new elements and iconic structures.

Conclusion

The Delhi Sultanate, spanning over three centuries, left an indelible mark on the history of South Asia. The dynasties that ruled during this period each contributed to the socio-political, economic, and cultural fabric of the region. The chronology presented above provides insights into the key rulers, administrative structures, economic dynamics, social aspects, and artistic achievements of the Delhi Sultanate, offering a comprehensive understanding of this significant era in Indian history.