Crystal Field Theory PPT Chemistry Class 12

 Page 1


Crystal Field Theory
Focus: energies of the d orbitals
Assumptions
1.Ligands: negative point charges
2.Metal-ligand bonding: entirely ionic
strong-field (low-spin):  large splitting of d orbitals
weak-field (high-spin):  small splitting of d orbitals
Page 2


Crystal Field Theory
Focus: energies of the d orbitals
Assumptions
1.Ligands: negative point charges
2.Metal-ligand bonding: entirely ionic
strong-field (low-spin):  large splitting of d orbitals
weak-field (high-spin):  small splitting of d orbitals
Page 3


Crystal Field Theory
Focus: energies of the d orbitals
Assumptions
1.Ligands: negative point charges
2.Metal-ligand bonding: entirely ionic
strong-field (low-spin):  large splitting of d orbitals
weak-field (high-spin):  small splitting of d orbitals
Page 4


Crystal Field Theory
Focus: energies of the d orbitals
Assumptions
1.Ligands: negative point charges
2.Metal-ligand bonding: entirely ionic
strong-field (low-spin):  large splitting of d orbitals
weak-field (high-spin):  small splitting of d orbitals
20_454
?
e
g
(d
z
2, d x
2
 – y
2
) 
t
2g
(d
xz
, d
yz
, d
xy
)
Free metal ion
3d orbital
energies
E
? = crystal field splitting
Page 5


Crystal Field Theory
Focus: energies of the d orbitals
Assumptions
1.Ligands: negative point charges
2.Metal-ligand bonding: entirely ionic
strong-field (low-spin):  large splitting of d orbitals
weak-field (high-spin):  small splitting of d orbitals
20_454
?
e
g
(d
z
2, d x
2
 – y
2
) 
t
2g
(d
xz
, d
yz
, d
xy
)
Free metal ion
3d orbital
energies
E
? = crystal field splitting
High spin Low spin