NEET > Biology Class 11 > Digestive & Absorption in One Shot (NCERT)
Digestive & Absorption in One Shot (NCERT) Video Lecture - Biology Class 11 - NEET
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FAQs on Digestive & Absorption in One Shot (NCERT) Video Lecture - Biology Class 11 - NEET
| 1. What is the process of digestion and absorption? |  |
Ans. Digestion is the process of breaking down food into simpler substances that can be absorbed by the body. It involves mechanical and chemical processes. Mechanical digestion starts in the mouth with the chewing of food, while chemical digestion begins with the action of digestive enzymes. Once the food is broken down into smaller particles, it moves to the small intestine where absorption takes place. Absorption is the process by which nutrients from the digested food are taken up by the cells of the body and transported to various tissues and organs.
| 2. What are the main organs involved in digestion and absorption? | |
Ans. The main organs involved in digestion and absorption are the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and pancreas. In the mouth, food is chewed and mixed with saliva. The esophagus carries the food to the stomach. In the stomach, the food is mixed with gastric juices and further broken down. The small intestine is the primary site of digestion and absorption. It receives digestive enzymes from the pancreas and bile from the liver to break down the food into simpler nutrients. The large intestine absorbs water and electrolytes, and the remaining waste is eliminated through the rectum and anus.
| 3. How does the small intestine absorb nutrients? | |
Ans. The small intestine has a specialized structure called villi and microvilli, which increase its surface area for absorption. The inner lining of the small intestine is covered with finger-like projections called villi. Each villus contains blood vessels and lymphatic vessels called lacteals. When the digested food reaches the small intestine, nutrients like sugars, amino acids, and fatty acids are absorbed through the villi and enter the bloodstream or lymphatic system. The villi and microvilli provide a large surface area for efficient absorption of nutrients.
| 4. What are the functions of the pancreas in digestion and absorption? | |
Ans. The pancreas plays a crucial role in digestion and absorption. It produces digestive enzymes that are released into the small intestine to break down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. These enzymes include amylase (breaks down carbohydrates), protease (breaks down proteins), and lipase (breaks down fats). The pancreas also produces bicarbonate ions, which neutralize the acidic chyme from the stomach, creating an optimal pH for the action of digestive enzymes in the small intestine.
| 5. How does the liver contribute to digestion and absorption? | |
Ans. The liver plays a vital role in digestion and absorption. It produces bile, which is stored in the gallbladder and released into the small intestine. Bile helps in the digestion and absorption of fats. It emulsifies large fat globules into smaller droplets, increasing their surface area and making it easier for enzymes to break them down. Bile also aids in the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins. Additionally, the liver detoxifies harmful substances and metabolizes nutrients before they enter the general circulation.
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