Body waves are generated due to focus of the Earth and move through the body / interior of Earth in all directions.
Primary (P) waves:
Secondary (S) waves:
Surface Waves
The body waves interact with the surface rocks and generate a new set of waves which move along the surface, thus called Surface waves.
Love (L) waves
Raleigh (R) waves
Love (L) waves
They are surface waves and don't go deeper into the earth. The travel perpendicular to the direction of propogation.
L waves are most destructive. In L waves movement of particles takes place in the horizontal plane only but @ 90º to the direction of propagation of the wave.
L waves move like a Snake. The surface waves get significantly amplified when they pass through a soft ground like alluvial deposits.
There is compression and rolling over of soft alluvial deposits which is called liquefaction.
Raleigh (R) waves:
R waves are analogous to sea waves i.e. movement of particles takes place in the vertical plane. L waves are faster than R waves so the sequence of arrival is PSLR.
1) Impact on ground:
2) Impact on
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