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| 1. What are the main functions of epithelial tissue? |  |
Ans. Epithelial tissue has several key functions, including protection of underlying structures, absorption of nutrients, secretion of substances such as hormones and enzymes, excretion of waste products, and sensation through specialized nerve endings. It serves as a barrier and interface between different environments in the body.
| 2. How is epithelial tissue classified? | |
Ans. Epithelial tissue is classified based on two main criteria: the number of cell layers and the shape of the cells. It can be simple (one layer) or stratified (multiple layers). The cell shapes can be squamous (flat), cuboidal (cube-shaped), or columnar (tall and column-like). This classification helps determine the function and location of epithelial tissues in the body.
| 3. Where can epithelial tissue be found in the body? | |
Ans. Epithelial tissue is found lining the surfaces of organs and body cavities. It covers the skin, lines the respiratory tract, digestive tract, and blood vessels, and forms glands. Its location is crucial for its protective and functional roles in various physiological processes.
| 4. What is the role of the basement membrane in epithelial tissue? | |
Ans. The basement membrane is a thin, fibrous layer that provides structural support to epithelial tissues. It anchors the epithelium to underlying connective tissue, acts as a barrier to regulate the exchange of substances, and plays a role in tissue regeneration and repair.
| 5. How do epithelial cells receive nutrients if they lack blood vessels? | |
Ans. Epithelial cells are avascular, meaning they do not contain blood vessels. Instead, they receive nutrients through diffusion from the underlying connective tissue, which is vascularized. The close proximity to these blood vessels allows for the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste products.
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