Essay: September 2022 Current Affairs | Current Affairs & Hindu Analysis: Daily, Weekly & Monthly - UPSC PDF Download

The Time to Repair a Roof is when The Sun is Shining

“The future depends on what we do in the present.”-Mahatma Gandhi

The right way to live life is to prepare yourself for the odds before it knocks on your door. The time to repair a roof is when the sun is shining revealing these secrets. If we have the savings for our health, education and other expenditures then the impact of circumstances like the Covid-19 will be managed more precisely. India could handle well the covid -19 pandemic due to its early investments in the health infrastructure. India had to reflect on its plight on a number of instances when times were tough. The Indian economy and its many sectors such as manufacturing, services, and agriculture, as well as other areas such as defense have all suffered significant setbacks in the past. Learning from prior failures improves experiences and leads to multidimensional progress. Globalization brings itself more progressive ideas and ways of life. Society and the economy are both impacted by this progressive way of life. It changes society from inside and outside both. This change reflected in the empowerment of the women. As the women getting empowered, they are being aware of their rights and duties. More women are now enjoying the equitable opportunities they truly deserve as a result of the globalization of the market. They now have a number of alternatives and opportunities to enhance their working conditions. The Indian Constitution's Preamble, Fundamental Rights, Fundamental Duties, and Directive Principles all explicitly state the importance of gender equality. In addition to guaranteeing women's equality, the Constitution gives the State the authority to implement policies that positively discriminate in favor of women. Great social reformers in the past, such as Raja Ram Mohan Roy, Swami Vivekananda, Acharya Vinobha Bhave, and Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar, among others, outlawed repugnant customs like sati and child marriage and tirelessly fought for the advancement of women in India. Article 14 guarantees the right to equality for women, whereas Articles 15(1) and 15(3) provide the state the authority to take affirmative action for women's empowerment.

The economic history of India demonstrates that there have been several situations where tough circumstances have prompted India to weigh its alternatives. Independence sparked ideas of social, political, and economic freedom. The Indian government made the choice to build India's future on the strength of its heavy industry. In 1950, India formed the Planning Commission to supervise all facets of planning, including resource allocation, implementation of the five-year plan, and plan review. The Indian economy has experienced numerous ups and downs during the past seven decades. The years of economic crisis in 1966, 1981, and 1991, as well as India's recovery from the crisis as the world's fastest-growing major economy, are among the significant turning points in India's economic history. The only way to prevent the recurrence of similar crises, India has to work diligently to restore its roof when the sun is shining.

Following independence, India's economy remained mostly agrarian for a long time. Any robust economy is built on its foundation of the industrial sector. The productivity and production were incredibly poor. Technology was not advanced and lagged behind. Only the cotton and jute industries were well-established at that point of time. The country's infrastructure has to be improved as one of the first conditions for economic growth. Today, it is close to Rs 150 lakh crore. India, formerly referred to as a "third world country," today ranks among the world's largest economies. This journey of India from Rs 2.7 lakh crore to 150 lakh crore GDP reflects that India has tried a lot to repair its roof when the sun is shining by utilizing appropriate opportunity at right and right time.

When India became independent in 1947, the colonial military of British India became the armed forces of independent India. The Indian Military was split equally between India and Pakistan as a result of the division of India. After World War II, a substantial demobilization campaign resulted in the discharge of the vast majority of the 1.25 million wartime troops and the dissolution of their regiments. Three wars between India and Pakistan 1947–1948, 1965, and 1971 were huge setbacks for India's security. During these set back India fought very precisely and when the war was over the introspection revealed that the army should be modernized and enlarged. India appears to be modernizing its nuclear and military capabilities. Nuclear deterrence and no first attack are India's publicly stated policies. However, as seen by its modernization efforts, particularly its ballistic missile program, India is eager to bring all of China within striking range. India's nuclear arsenal is the seventh largest in the world. These are the few steps India is doing to fix its roof so it can protect itself from any external aggression or war.

The share of agriculture in employment declined from about 82% in 1950/51 to about 72 percent by 2001. During the same duration, the share of agriculture in total GDP also declined from approximately 54% in 1950/51 to 24% by 2001. This shift is basically indicating that dependability on agriculture for employment is reducing because the industrial sector is providing employment to the agricultural laborer as an industrial worker. India transformed from a country with a food scarcity to one of the top agricultural producers in the world. This was made possible by the Green Revolution. The green revolution was launched during the second Five Year Plan to address India's food deficit problem.

Due to its geoclimatic characteristics, India is one of the countries that is most susceptible to natural disasters. Therefore, international cooperation in this field is necessary for the effective management of disasters both within and outside of India's boundaries. At the Glasgow climate summit, the Indian government unveiled the Infrastructure for Resilient Island States (IRIS) program. IRIS uses satellite-based modeling and information systems to help Small Island Developing States to strengthen their technological and institutional capability in order to anticipate, avoid, and reduce the loss and damage brought on by catastrophes. This is a result of the rising understanding that institutional preparedness is essential for successfully managing disasters as a result of prior disaster experiences. Disaster management is increasingly viewed as a process that includes analyzing threats, strengthening community ability, and lowering identified risks through disaster-resistant infrastructure and preparation at all levels.

Remote sensing technology is playing a key role in disaster management. Satellite imaginary imbanded with huge geological, meteorological and climatic and information which is being used in scientific work and other research and developments. ISRO is the organization which took the initiative to launch the satellite to propagate the new dimension for research and development. Satellite imaginary and data are prominently being used by researchers to estimate the change in land use land cover, Loss of biodiversity air pollution, ground water table etc., The Indian space program was started by Dr. Vikram Sarabhai. India's first satellite, Aryabhata, was launched on April 19, 1975.

Just three years after India's independence, the Indian Institute of Technology was established in 1950. The effects of globalization are being felt in the Indian society as changes are being accumulated in it. Both the economy as a whole and every sphere of society were affected by globalization. Despite the fact that science has long been a part of a worldwide community, the science and technology (S&T) sector of the twenty-first century is more geographically dispersed, more networked, and more dynamic than ever. In its first five-year plan following independence, India placed a high priority on scientific research. Preeminent scientific institutions like the IITs and IISC were made possible by it. These organizations supported research in India by working with overseas organizations.

Since India's independence, both the installed power generating capacity and the transmission and distribution infrastructure have expanded significantly. The nation's total power-producing capacity has increased, rising from a meagre 1362 MW in 1947 to 448.11 GW by the end of March 2020. Coal based fire plants are the primary source for energy production. Issues with pollution and the disposal of the sizeable amount of ash from coal-based power plants, which form the backbone of India's electricity generation, are being resolved by using strategies to encourage environmentally friendly power development. In order to address concerns with pollution and the disposal of the sizeable amount of ash from coal-based power plants, which are India's main source of energy generation, efforts are being enhanced to encourage environmentally friendly power generation. To lessen the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, the NTPC and other Central Power Sector Undertakings are creating a Special Purpose Vehicle.

Long term objectives of India include an overall development of industrial, agricultural and services sectors. Modernization based on rural development, industrial development, Infrastructure, raw material supply etc. will sustain the overall economic development for a long time. Thus, in this way we can say that the government has repaired the roof for the development of the entire economy. It will be helpful in resolving all types of existential financial concerns.