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FAQs on Fabry-Perot Interferometer - Physics Optional Notes for UPSC

1. What is a Fabry-Perot Interferometer and how does it work?
Ans. A Fabry-Perot Interferometer is an optical device that consists of two parallel partially reflecting mirrors. It works by allowing light to enter between the mirrors, where it reflects back and forth. This creates multiple overlapping light waves that can interfere with each other, producing a pattern of bright and dark fringes. The spacing and intensity of these fringes depend on the wavelength of light and the distance between the mirrors.
2. What are the applications of Fabry-Perot Interferometers?
Ans. Fabry-Perot Interferometers have a wide range of applications, including spectroscopy for analyzing the spectral composition of light, in telecommunications for wavelength filtering, and in metrology for precise measurements of distance. They are also used in laser technology and in various scientific research fields to study the properties of light.
3. How can the resolution of a Fabry-Perot Interferometer be improved?
Ans. The resolution of a Fabry-Perot Interferometer can be improved by increasing the number of reflections between the mirrors, which can be achieved by using mirrors with higher reflectivity. Additionally, reducing the spacing between the mirrors can also enhance resolution, allowing for a finer separation of spectral lines.
4. What factors affect the performance of a Fabry-Perot Interferometer?
Ans. Several factors affect the performance of a Fabry-Perot Interferometer, including the reflectivity of the mirrors, the alignment of the mirrors, the wavelength of the light used, and environmental conditions such as temperature and pressure. Any misalignment or variation in these factors can lead to decreased interference quality and accuracy.
5. How is the wavelength of light determined using a Fabry-Perot Interferometer?
Ans. The wavelength of light can be determined using a Fabry-Perot Interferometer by analyzing the interference pattern produced. The spacing of the fringes is related to the wavelength, and by measuring the fringe separation and knowing the distance between the mirrors, one can calculate the wavelength of the light. This is often done using the formula for the free spectral range of the interferometer.
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