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1. What is the structure of a flowering plant?
Ans. A flowering plant consists of various structures, including roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits. The roots anchor the plant in the soil and absorb water and nutrients. The stem provides support and transport of nutrients and water throughout the plant. Leaves are responsible for photosynthesis, where they convert sunlight into energy. Flowers are the reproductive structures of the plant, containing male and female parts. Fruits develop from the flowers and protect the seeds.
2. What is the function of roots in flowering plants?
Ans. Roots have several essential functions in flowering plants. Firstly, they anchor the plant in the soil, providing stability. Secondly, roots absorb water and nutrients from the soil, which are necessary for the plant's growth and survival. They also store food reserves and provide support to the stem. Roots can also assist in vegetative propagation, where new plants are generated from the roots of existing plants.
3. What is the role of flowers in flowering plants?
Ans. Flowers play a crucial role in the reproduction of flowering plants. They are the reproductive structures that contain the male and female parts of the plant. The male part, called the stamen, consists of a filament and an anther that produces pollen. The female part, known as the pistil or carpel, comprises the stigma, style, and ovary. Pollination occurs when pollen is transferred from the stamen to the pistil. Fertilization takes place within the ovary, leading to the development of seeds and fruits.
4. How do stems contribute to the growth of flowering plants?
Ans. Stems are vital for the growth and development of flowering plants. They provide structural support to the plant, allowing it to stand upright. Stems also facilitate the transport of water, minerals, and sugars between the roots and leaves through specialized tissues called xylem and phloem. Additionally, stems contain meristematic cells, which are responsible for continuous growth and the formation of new leaves, branches, and flowers.
5. What is the significance of leaves in flowering plants?
Ans. Leaves are essential for the survival of flowering plants. They are responsible for photosynthesis, the process by which plants convert sunlight into energy. Chloroplasts present in the leaf cells contain chlorophyll, a pigment that captures sunlight and initiates the production of glucose. Leaves also play a crucial role in transpiration, where excess water vapor is released through tiny openings called stomata. Furthermore, leaves help in gas exchange by absorbing carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen.
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