Fill in the blank: Attitude is a mental and neural state of readiness, organized through experience, exerting a directive influence upon the individual's response to ___ and ___.

Objects and situations

True or False: Attitudes are formed entirely from conscious beliefs and never from unconscious influences.

False. Attitudes can also be influenced by implicit attitudes, which are unconscious.

What are the three components of attitude?

Cognitive, emotional, and behavioral components.

 What is paired with emotional cues in classical conditioning to influence consumer behavior?

A product

True or False: The cognitive component of attitude refers to how the object makes us feel.

False. The cognitive component refers to our thoughts and beliefs about the subject.

How do beliefs influence attitudes according to the content provided?

Beliefs govern our experiences and reflect our identity, forming the basis upon which attitudes are developed.

Fill in the blank: Attitudes help us navigate uncertainties by providing cognitive structures that fill in gaps in ___ and ___ information.

Knowledge and situational

What is the role of direct experience in attitude formation?

Direct experience is a stronger factor in forming attitudes because it has a significant impact on behavior and can lead to more lasting changes.

True or False: People are more likely to behave according to their attitudes only when those attitudes are not based on personal experience.

False. People are more likely to behave according to their attitudes when those attitudes result from personal experience.

What is cognitive dissonance, and how does it relate to attitude change?

Cognitive dissonance causes attitude change.

• Conflicting beliefs create discomfort.

• Individuals seek harmony in attitudes.

• Leads to behavioral adjustments.

Fill in the blank: The function of attitudes that helps protect self-image is known as ___.

Ego-defensive

How do social influences affect individual attitudes?

Social influences can lead to compliance, identification, or internalization of beliefs and behaviors based on group dynamics and social pressures.

True or False: Emotional appeals in persuasion are ineffective when it comes to changing attitudes.

False. Emotional appeals are often effective tools in persuasion and can lead to significant attitude changes.

What are some mechanisms through which attitudes can be changed?

Attitudes can be changed through learning theories, cognitive dissonance, and persuasive communication.

Fill in the blank: The two routes of persuasion mentioned are the central route and the ___ route.

Peripheral

What does the term 'value expression' refer to in the context of attitudes?

Value expression refers to how attitudes allow individuals to communicate their fundamental values and beliefs.

True or False: Moral attitudes are shaped solely by personal beliefs and are not influenced by societal norms.

False. Moral attitudes are significantly influenced by societal norms, culture, and education.

Fill in the blank: The process of influencing someone's beliefs, attitudes, or behaviors is known as ___.

Persuasion

What is the significance of the 'social proof' technique in persuasion?

Social proof influences decision-making.

• Guides choices in uncertainty.

• Enhances credibility of actions.

• Promotes conformity in groups.

True or False: Attitudes are static and do not change over time.

False. Attitudes are dynamic and can change based on new experiences and influences.