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Biological Classification
Flash cards
Page 2


Biological Classification
Flash cards
Aristotle was the earliest scientist to attempt a more
scientific basis for classification. He used simple
morphological characters to classify plants
into trees, shrubs and herbs.
Page 3


Biological Classification
Flash cards
Aristotle was the earliest scientist to attempt a more
scientific basis for classification. He used simple
morphological characters to classify plants
into trees, shrubs and herbs.
In Linnaeus' time a Two Kingdom system of classification with
Plantae and Animalia kingdoms was developed that included all
plants and animals respectively
Page 4


Biological Classification
Flash cards
Aristotle was the earliest scientist to attempt a more
scientific basis for classification. He used simple
morphological characters to classify plants
into trees, shrubs and herbs.
In Linnaeus' time a Two Kingdom system of classification with
Plantae and Animalia kingdoms was developed that included all
plants and animals respectively
R.H. Whittaker (1969) proposed a Five Kingdom
Classification. The kingdoms defined by him were named
Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia. The main
criteria for classification used by him include cell structure,
body organisation, mode of nutrition, reproduction and
phylogenetic relationships. 
Page 5


Biological Classification
Flash cards
Aristotle was the earliest scientist to attempt a more
scientific basis for classification. He used simple
morphological characters to classify plants
into trees, shrubs and herbs.
In Linnaeus' time a Two Kingdom system of classification with
Plantae and Animalia kingdoms was developed that included all
plants and animals respectively
R.H. Whittaker (1969) proposed a Five Kingdom
Classification. The kingdoms defined by him were named
Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia. The main
criteria for classification used by him include cell structure,
body organisation, mode of nutrition, reproduction and
phylogenetic relationships. 
Characteristics of the Five Kingdoms
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FAQs on Flashcards: Biological Classification - Biology Class 11 - NEET

1. What is biological classification?
Ans. Biological classification is the process of categorizing and organizing living organisms based on their similarities and differences. It helps in understanding the relationships between different species and provides a systematic approach to study biodiversity.
2. Why is biological classification important?
Ans. Biological classification is important as it helps in identifying, naming, and categorizing millions of species on Earth. It allows scientists to study the characteristics and evolutionary history of organisms, understand their relationships, and predict their behaviors and adaptations. It also aids in developing conservation strategies and understanding the impact of human activities on different ecosystems.
3. How are organisms classified in biological classification?
Ans. Organisms are classified in biological classification based on their evolutionary relationships and shared characteristics. The classification system uses a hierarchical approach, where organisms are grouped into increasingly specific categories. The main levels of classification are kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species. This system is known as the Linnaean system of classification.
4. What are the different kingdoms in biological classification?
Ans. The five kingdoms in biological classification are: 1. Kingdom Monera: Includes bacteria and some primitive organisms without a nucleus. 2. Kingdom Protista: Comprises unicellular eukaryotic organisms like protozoa and algae. 3. Kingdom Fungi: Consists of multicellular organisms like mushrooms and molds, which obtain nutrients through decomposition. 4. Kingdom Plantae: Includes multicellular, photosynthetic organisms like mosses, ferns, and flowering plants. 5. Kingdom Animalia: Comprises multicellular organisms with specialized cells and organ systems, including insects, mammals, birds, and reptiles.
5. How is biological classification different from phylogenetic classification?
Ans. Biological classification focuses on categorizing organisms based on their observable characteristics and evolutionary history. It follows a hierarchical system and classifies organisms into kingdoms, phyla, classes, and other levels. On the other hand, phylogenetic classification focuses on establishing evolutionary relationships between organisms based on genetic similarities. It uses molecular data, such as DNA sequences, to construct phylogenetic trees that depict the evolutionary history of species. While biological classification is based on observable traits, phylogenetic classification incorporates genetic analysis for a more accurate understanding of evolutionary relationships.
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