What determines the temperature of fluids such as liquids and gases?

The temperature of fluids depends on the kinetic energy of moving particles.

In solids, the temperature is related to the kinetic energy of ___ particles.

Vibrating

Fill in the blank: A thermometer that uses a liquid expanding in a glass tube to measure temperature is known as a ___.

Bulb thermometer

True or False: Mercury thermometers are commonly used in schools.

False, mercury thermometers are used in clinics but not in schools due to safety concerns.

What is the normal body temperature in degrees Celsius?

Approximately 37°C.

Riddle: I measure temperature and can expand or contract. What am I?

A thermometer.

The melting point of ice is ___ degrees Celsius.

0°C

What type of thermometer is colored red or blue and typically used in laboratories?

Ethanol/alcohol thermometer.

Fill in the blank: When heated, the volume of a liquid in a thermometer ___.

Expands

How do bimetallic thermometers function?

Bimetallic thermometers use metal expansion.

• Two metals expand differently.

• Bending movement indicates temperature.

• Commonly used in various applications.

What is the primary advantage of thermoelectric thermometers over traditional bulb thermometers?

Thermoelectric thermometers are faster, more cost-effective, and easier to read compared to traditional bulb thermometers.

Fill in the blank: A thermocouple consists of two different conductors joined at one end, where the temperature difference creates a ___ that is converted to a temperature reading.

Voltage

True or False: Thermistors are generally less accurate than thermocouples.

False; thermistors are generally more accurate than thermocouples.

What is the function of a bimetallic thermometer when heated?

A bimetallic thermometer bends due to unequal expansion of the two metal strips, which moves a pointer on a dial to indicate temperature.

Fill in the blank: Temperature strips use ___ to show temperature changes through color variations.

Liquid crystals

Riddle: I reflect light and change color with temperature. What am I?

A temperature strip with liquid crystals.

What is the relationship between the Kelvin and Celsius scales at the freezing point of water?

Ice melts at 273 K, which corresponds to 0 °C.

How do you convert 100 °C to Kelvin?

To convert Celsius to Kelvin, use the formula T = t + 273. Therefore, 100 °C = 100 + 273 = 373 K.

Fill in the blank: The boiling point of water in Kelvin is ___ K.

373

What is heat defined as in the context of energy transfer?

Heat is defined as energy in transfer, moving from an object at a higher temperature to one at a lower temperature.

Fill in the blank: Heat transfer in solids occurs through ___.

Conduction

Explain the process of convection in heat transfer.

Convection involves the movement of hotter, less dense fluid rising through cooler, denser fluid, creating convection currents that transfer heat.

True or False: Radiation requires direct contact between objects to transfer heat.

False. Radiation transfers heat via electromagnetic waves and does not require contact between objects.

Riddle: I can warm you up without touching you; I travel through space with waves, what am I?

Radiation

Conduction is primarily associated with heat transfer in which state of matter?

Solids