Ozone depletion primarily affects which layer of the atmosphere?

The stratosphere

Fill in the blank: The Antarctic ozone hole has about ___ percent of the original ozone concentration.

50

True or False: Ozone in the troposphere is considered 'good' for the environment.

False. Ozone in the troposphere is 'bad' because it contributes to air pollution.

What role do chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) play in ozone depletion?

CFCs release chlorine atoms upon exposure to UV radiation, which catalytically destroy ozone molecules.

Fill in the blank: A single atom of ___ can destroy ozone molecules hundreds of times more effectively than chlorine.

Bromine

What are Polar Stratospheric Clouds (PSCs) and how do they contribute to ozone depletion?

PSCs provide surfaces for chemical reactions that free chlorine from reservoirs, enhancing ozone depletion.

True or False: The Arctic vortex remains intact throughout the polar winter, allowing for continuous ozone depletion.

False. The Arctic vortex disintegrates by the time polar spring arrives.

What are the primary sources of nitrogen oxides in relation to ozone depletion?

Nitrogen oxides (NO and NO₂) catalytically destroy ozone through chemical reactions in the stratosphere.

Fill in the blank: The Ozone Depleting Substances (Regulation and Control) Rules were introduced under the ___ Act.

Environment (Protection)

What is the significance of the Dobson unit in measuring ozone concentration?

The Dobson unit measures the thickness of the ozone column at standard temperature and pressure.

Describe the impact of ozone depletion on human health.

Ozone depletion increases UV radiation exposure, leading to higher rates of skin cancer and cataracts.

What deadline was set for the phasing out of CFCs according to the Ozone Depleting Substances rules?

January 1, 2003, with exceptions for specific medical uses.