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Flashcards: Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants | Biology Class 12 - NEET PDF Download

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1. What is sexual reproduction in flowering plants?
Ans. Sexual reproduction in flowering plants refers to the process by which plants produce offspring through the fusion of male and female reproductive cells. It involves the formation of male gametes (pollen) and female gametes (ovules) through meiosis, followed by their fusion during pollination and fertilization.
2. How do flowers facilitate sexual reproduction in plants?
Ans. Flowers play a crucial role in the sexual reproduction of flowering plants. They contain the reproductive organs, such as stamens (male part) and carpels (female part), which produce pollen and ovules, respectively. The process of pollination, where pollen is transferred from the stamen to the stigma of the carpel, enables the fusion of male and female gametes and subsequent fertilization.
3. What is the significance of pollination in sexual reproduction of flowering plants?
Ans. Pollination is vital for the sexual reproduction of flowering plants. It is the transfer of pollen from the anther (part of the stamen) to the stigma (part of the carpel). This process allows for the fusion of male and female gametes, leading to the formation of seeds. Pollination can occur through various agents such as wind, water, or animals, including bees, butterflies, or birds.
4. How does double fertilization occur in flowering plants?
Ans. Double fertilization is a unique process that occurs in flowering plants, where two sperm cells are involved in fertilization. One sperm cell fuses with the egg cell, forming a zygote, which develops into an embryo. The other sperm cell fuses with the central cell, resulting in the formation of endosperm, a nutrient-rich tissue that nourishes the developing embryo.
5. What are the advantages of sexual reproduction in flowering plants?
Ans. Sexual reproduction in flowering plants offers several advantages. Firstly, it promotes genetic diversity as offspring inherit traits from both parents, increasing their chances of survival in changing environments. Secondly, sexual reproduction allows for natural selection and evolution by enabling the combination and reshuffling of genetic material. Additionally, sexual reproduction promotes the formation of seeds, facilitating dispersal and colonization of new habitats.
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