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GS1 PYQ (Mains Answer Writing): India & Arctic Region | Geography for UPSC CSE PDF Download

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Why is India taking keen interest in the Arctic region? (UPSC GS1 Mains)

Although India may be far from the Arctic region physically, yet the impact of melting of the Arctic ice on the global climate is likely to be significant. India also understands the geo-strategic importance of the Arctic region. 

Importance of arctic region for India: 

  • To study monsoon pattern: To study the hypothesized tele-connections between the Arctic climate and the Indian monsoon by analyzing the sediment and ice core records from the Arctic glaciers and the Arctic Ocean. 
  • To characterize sea ice in Arctic using satellite data to estimate the effect of global warming in the northern polar region. 
  • To conduct research on the dynamics and mass budget of Arctic glaciers focusing on the effect of glaciers on sea-level change. 
  • To carry out a comprehensive assessment of the flora and fauna of the Artic vis-à-vis their response to anthropogenic activities. In addition, it is proposed to undertake a comparative study of the life forms from both the Polar Regions. 
  • For exploration of hydrocarbons: The opening of the sea routes and the exploration of hydrocarbons present economic opportunities which Indian companies can also exploit. 
  • China’s ability to navigate the Northern Sea Route (NSR) is another factor in India’s military strategy in that region. 
  • Observer role of India Arctic Council: India which has a significant expertise in this area from its association with the Antarctic Treaty System can play a constructive role in securing a stable Arctic. India in its new role as a permanent observer in the Arctic Council is committed to contribute to the deliberations of the council to develop effective cooperative partnerships that can contribute to a safe, stable and secure Arctic. 
  • India cannot remain immune from the developments in the region even though the area is remote and far away. India has a long tradition of polar research. It maintains a permanent research station in Svalbard. On the negative side, the enhancement of economic activity in the Arctic Region will accelerate global warming and lead to large sea level rise impacting the global climate to which India cannot remain indifferent.

Topics covered - Arctic Ocean Region, India-Arctic Relations

The document GS1 PYQ (Mains Answer Writing): India & Arctic Region | Geography for UPSC CSE is a part of the UPSC Course Geography for UPSC CSE.
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FAQs on GS1 PYQ (Mains Answer Writing): India & Arctic Region - Geography for UPSC CSE

1. How is India involved in the Arctic region?
Ans. India is an observer country in the Arctic Council and has been actively participating in discussions related to the Arctic region. India's interest in the Arctic is primarily focused on scientific research, climate change studies, and potential economic opportunities.
2. What are the key challenges faced by India in the Arctic region?
Ans. Some of the key challenges faced by India in the Arctic region include lack of infrastructure, harsh environmental conditions, limited access to resources, and competition from other countries with Arctic interests.
3. What are the potential benefits for India in collaborating with Arctic countries?
Ans. Collaborating with Arctic countries can provide India with opportunities for scientific research, technological advancements, access to natural resources, and strengthening diplomatic relations with countries in the region.
4. How does climate change impact India's interests in the Arctic region?
Ans. Climate change in the Arctic region can have a significant impact on India by affecting global weather patterns, sea levels, and resource availability. India's involvement in climate change research in the Arctic is crucial for understanding and mitigating these impacts.
5. What are some of the initiatives taken by India to enhance its presence in the Arctic region?
Ans. India has established research stations in the Arctic, conducted joint scientific expeditions with Arctic countries, and participated in international forums to raise awareness about its interests and capabilities in the region.
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