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GS1 PYQ (Mains Answer Writing): Non Cooperation & Civil Disobedience | History for UPSC CSE PDF Download

Bring out the constructive programmes of Mahatma Gandhi during Non-Cooperation Movement and Civil Disobedience Movement. (UPSC GS1 Mains)

Constructive Program (CP) is a term coined by Mahatma Gandhi to describe one of the two branches of his satyagraha, the other being some form on nonviolence resistance, e.g. civil disobedience, sometimes recognized the value of constructive program.
Constructive programmes during Non-Cooperation Movement:

  • Hindu-Muslim unity
  • Removal of untouchability
  • Educational institutions were organised
  • justice dispensed through panchayats
  • Legislative councils were boycotted.
  • Practice of hand-spinning
  • Picketing of shops selling foreign liquor

Constructive programmes during Civil Disobedience Movement:

  • Total removal of the taint of untouchability in law as well as in practice
  • Khadi as a symbol of nationalism, economic freedom, equality and self-reliance.
  • Women to play a leading part in the movement
  • Tribals, peasants and workers were actively made participants in movements.

Topics Covered - Non-Cooperation Movement and Civil Disobedience Movement

The document GS1 PYQ (Mains Answer Writing): Non Cooperation & Civil Disobedience | History for UPSC CSE is a part of the UPSC Course History for UPSC CSE.
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FAQs on GS1 PYQ (Mains Answer Writing): Non Cooperation & Civil Disobedience - History for UPSC CSE

1. What is non-cooperation and civil disobedience?
Ans. Non-cooperation and civil disobedience are forms of protest and resistance against unjust laws or government policies. Non-cooperation involves refusing to cooperate with the government or its institutions, while civil disobedience involves intentionally breaking laws to challenge their legitimacy.
2. What are the key differences between non-cooperation and civil disobedience?
Ans. Non-cooperation and civil disobedience both involve forms of protest, but they differ in their level of defiance. Non-cooperation is a passive resistance where individuals or groups refuse to comply with government orders or policies, while civil disobedience is an active form where individuals intentionally violate laws to challenge their unfairness.
3. How effective are non-cooperation and civil disobedience as strategies for social change?
Ans. The effectiveness of non-cooperation and civil disobedience as strategies for social change depends on various factors such as the scale of participation, public support, and government response. When implemented strategically and with widespread participation, these methods have historically proven to be powerful tools for achieving social and political change.
4. What are some notable examples of non-cooperation and civil disobedience movements in history?
Ans. Some notable examples of non-cooperation and civil disobedience movements include Mahatma Gandhi's Salt March in India, the Civil Rights Movement in the United States led by Martin Luther King Jr., and the Anti-Apartheid Movement in South Africa led by Nelson Mandela. These movements played a significant role in challenging oppressive systems and bringing about transformative change.
5. What are the potential consequences of participating in non-cooperation or civil disobedience actions?
Ans. Participating in non-cooperation or civil disobedience actions can have legal, social, and personal consequences. Individuals may face arrest, imprisonment, fines, or damage to their reputation. However, these risks are often weighed against the potential impact and importance of standing up against injustice, and many activists consider them worth taking in pursuit of a more just society.
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