Heat Wave Conditions | Current Affairs & Hindu Analysis: Daily, Weekly & Monthly - UPSC PDF Download

Heat Wave Conditions

Context:

• Heat waves are forecasted by the Indian Meteorological Department in various regions of India.

Key Details

• Definition of Heat Wave: The definition varies based on the region's physiography. For plains, it's 40 degrees Celsius or more, for the coast, 37 degrees Celsius or more, and for hills, 30 degrees Celsius or more.
• Severity of Heat Wave: Determined by the departure from normal temperature. A "normal heatwave" has a departure of 4.5-6.4 degrees Celsius, while a "severe heatwave" has a greater departure.
• Heatwave Declaration Criteria: Based on maximum temperature recorded and departure from normal temperature for at least two consecutive days at specific stations.

Favorable Conditions for Heat Wave

• Presence of hot dry air over a region.
• Absence of moisture in the upper atmosphere.
• Practically cloudless sky for maximum insulation.
• Anti-cyclonic flow aiding heat wave development.

Heat Index

• Definition: Combination of air temperature and relative humidity, determining how hot it feels.

Health Impacts of Heat Waves

• Health effects include dehydration, heat cramps, exhaustion, and heat stroke.
• Signs and Symptoms: Vary from cramps with swelling and fainting to heat stroke with delirium.

Impacts of Heat Waves on Agriculture

• Physical Impacts: Intensified water crises, increased forest fires, and higher energy consumption.
• Physiological Impacts: Negative effects on crops, livestock, poultry, and fisheries due to heat stress.

Government Initiatives

• Early Warning Systems: Issuing heat wave warnings and advisories, utilizing forecasting models, and collaborating with state agencies.
• Weather Forecasting Services: Providing daily and extended range forecasts, along with specialized bulletins.

Conclusion

• Heat waves present significant challenges in health, environment, and economy, especially in regions like India. Addressing these requires accurate forecasting, public awareness, and robust emergency response systems.