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Hormonal Coordination and Defects in Kidney Video Lecture | Biology Class 11 - NEET

FAQs on Hormonal Coordination and Defects in Kidney Video Lecture - Biology Class 11 - NEET

1. What hormones are involved in kidney function and how do they affect it?
Ans. Several hormones regulate kidney function, including antidiuretic hormone (ADH), aldosterone, and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP). ADH helps the kidneys manage water balance by promoting water reabsorption in the collecting ducts, while aldosterone increases sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion, affecting blood volume and pressure. ANP, on the other hand, helps reduce blood volume by promoting sodium excretion, thus lowering blood pressure.
2. What are common hormonal defects that can affect kidney function?
Ans. Common hormonal defects that can affect kidney function include diabetes insipidus (characterized by a deficiency of ADH) and hyperaldosteronism (excessive aldosterone production). Diabetes insipidus leads to excessive urination and thirst, while hyperaldosteronism can cause hypertension and electrolyte imbalances, both of which can impair kidney function.
3. How do kidney defects impact hormone levels in the body?
Ans. Kidney defects can lead to an imbalance in hormone levels. For instance, chronic kidney disease can reduce the kidneys' ability to excrete waste and produce hormones like erythropoietin, which stimulates red blood cell production. This can lead to anemia. Additionally, kidney problems can affect the metabolism of vitamin D, impacting calcium and phosphate balance in the body.
4. What is the role of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in kidney function?
Ans. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) plays a crucial role in regulating blood pressure and fluid balance. When blood pressure drops, the kidneys release renin, which converts angiotensinogen into angiotensin I, later converted to angiotensin II. This hormone constricts blood vessels and stimulates aldosterone release, promoting sodium and water retention, thus increasing blood volume and pressure.
5. Can hormonal treatments help manage kidney defects?
Ans. Yes, hormonal treatments can help manage certain kidney defects. For example, synthetic ADH can be used to treat diabetes insipidus, while medications that block aldosterone can be prescribed for conditions like hyperaldosteronism. Additionally, erythropoiesis-stimulating agents can help manage anemia associated with chronic kidney disease by stimulating red blood cell production.
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