Introduction to Taxonomy Video Lecture | Biology Class 11 - NEET

0:0:0: in this video we will learn about what
0:0:3: was the need for taxonomy and how did it
0:0:6: came into existence
0:0:8: according to the data from iucn
0:0:11: International Union of conservation of
0:0:13: Nature and natural resources it came out
0:0:16: that 8.7 million species are there on
0:0:20: the entire Earth
0:0:22: in Indian system there are 45
0:0:24: 000 species of plants and 91 000 species
0:0:28: of animals
0:0:29: now the point is when we are asked to
0:0:32: study these species it is really
0:0:34: difficult to understand them without the
0:0:37: presence of a proper system
0:0:40: so to escape all the confusion and to
0:0:43: study the circle of diversity we need a
0:0:46: system and that system is taxonomy
0:0:49: how about understanding this concept of
0:0:52: taxonomy with an interesting story
0:0:55: so let me paint a picture for you to
0:0:58: understand taxonomy in a better way
0:1:1: imagine that a man borrowed a time
0:1:4: machine to go back in time and see the
0:1:6: world
0:1:7: amazing right
0:1:9: now the man arrives a couple of
0:1:12: centuries behind and is astonished by
0:1:14: the beauty and diversity of Flora and
0:1:17: Fauna
0:1:18: since he is so amazed by what he sees he
0:1:21: wishes to remember everything he saw in
0:1:24: order to share it with the world
0:1:26: he tried to identify what he was looking
0:1:29: at while strolling for example he saw
0:1:32: some things moving like animals and
0:1:35: something standing still like plants
0:1:38: looking at the variety of organisms
0:1:40: around him with different
0:1:42: characteristics such as their shapes
0:1:44: color size habitat Behavior types of
0:1:48: reproduction taking place in them and
0:1:51: what they eat prompted him to name them
0:1:53: for the sake of convenience in
0:1:55: remembering them
0:1:57: however when he looked at a group of
0:2:0: similar looking animals and plants he
0:2:2: curiously classified them based on their
0:2:5: shape and size
0:2:7: example small cats and big cats which he
0:2:10: later classified as tigers
0:2:13: who knows he might have become one of
0:2:16: the taxonomists to spread his
0:2:18: observations
0:2:20: according to what we understand from
0:2:22: that man's observation taxonomy is a
0:2:25: branch of science that deals with
0:2:27: principles and procedures of
0:2:30: identification
0:2:32: nomenclature and classification so the
0:2:35: word taxonomy is derived from a Greek
0:2:38: word taxis meaning Arrangement or
0:2:41: Division and no most meaning method that
0:2:45: is method of arranging organisms into
0:2:48: groups according to their
0:2:49: characteristics
0:2:51: how can we forget the reason behind this
0:2:54: whole mess
0:2:55: haha just joking
0:2:58: The Man Behind this genius concept Carol
0:3:2: is lineus
0:3:3: careless lineus is considered as a
0:3:6: father of taxonomy
0:3:8: he developed the procedure to identify
0:3:11: name and organize species known as
0:3:14: binomial nomenclature and he also
0:3:16: classified all the organisms into
0:3:19: Kingdom plantae and kingdom Animalia
0:3:23: now let us understand the first
0:3:25: principle of taxonomy that's
0:3:27: identification
0:3:29: it is the recognition of essential
0:3:31: characters of an organism
0:3:34: the procedure of nomenclature is based
0:3:37: on identification of organisms
0:3:40: for example when you see a green colored
0:3:43: Leaf you identify it as a plant as it is
0:3:46: a characteristic of a plant
0:3:49: so now let's decode the second principle
0:3:52: of taxonomy that is nomenclature
0:3:55: it simply means naming an organism as we
0:3:59: are aware that local names of plants and
0:4:1: animals might be different for different
0:4:4: regions in a country and creates
0:4:6: confusion while communicating
0:4:9: let's look at an example to understand
0:4:12: a fish is called Masa in Marathi and
0:4:15: Macha in bangali but we commonly refer
0:4:18: to it as fish which is much easier to
0:4:21: remember
0:4:22: so it is necessary to standardize the
0:4:25: naming of living organisms so that they
0:4:28: are known by the same name it is
0:4:30: referred to as nomenclature
0:4:33: here is another example to demonstrate
0:4:36: our point
0:4:37: jellyfish silverfish and Starfish are
0:4:41: not true fishes but we still refer to
0:4:44: them as fish which is confusing
0:4:47: to escape this confusion scientific
0:4:50: names are made representing a particular
0:4:52: organism in every part of the world like
0:4:55: ciphosone for jellyfish lapism for
0:4:59: silverfish and asteroidia for starfish
0:5:2: according to their scientific names they
0:5:5: now represent different organisms which
0:5:8: is accepted in every part of the world
0:5:11: moving on to the third principle of
0:5:13: taxonomy that's classification
0:5:16: the process of categorizing Things based
0:5:19: on their characteristics is known as
0:5:21: classification
0:5:23: your organisms sharing similarities in
0:5:26: their physical traits and capable of
0:5:28: interbreeding are grouped together
0:5:31: the degree of apparent similarities and
0:5:34: differences in the organisms are done
0:5:36: under seven levels of classification
0:5:38: which are
0:5:40: kingdom phylum class order family genus
0:5:45: and species
0:5:47: with this we come to an end of our video
0:5:50: let's recap what all we learned
0:5:54: we started with why we need to study
0:5:56: taxonomy we learned about what we need
0:5:59: to study under taxonomy that is
0:6:2: identification
0:6:3: nomenclature and classification
0:6:6: I hope you guys understood this topic
0:6:10: you can learn more about it in the
0:6:12: detailed chapter notes and attempt the
0:6:14: respective tests on eduriff to
0:6:17: cross-check your understanding