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1. In 1947, the Indian Civil Service (ICS) was replaced by IAS, and the lndian Police (IP) was replaced by IPS and were recognised by the Constitution as all-India services. In 1966, the Indian Forest Service was established as the third all-India service.
2. The All-India Services Act of 1951 authorised the Central government to make rules in consultation with the state governments for the regulation of recruitment and service conditions of the members of all- India services. The members of these services are recruited and trained by the Central government but are assigned to different states for work.

Safeguards to Civil Servants
Article 311 places two restrictions on the above "doctrine of pleasure'. In other words, it provides two safeguards to civil servants against any arbitrary dismissal from their posts:
1. A civil servant cannot be dismissed or removed by an authority subordinate to that by which he was appointed.
2. A civil servant cannot be dismissed or removed or reduced in rank except after an inquiry in which he has been informed of the charges against him and given a reasonable opportunity of being heard in respect of those charges.

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FAQs on Laxmikanth Summary: Public Services - Indian Polity for UPSC CSE

1. What are public services?
Ans. Public services refer to the services provided by the government to the general public. These services are aimed at meeting the needs and welfare of the society as a whole. They can include services such as healthcare, education, transportation, and public safety.
2. How are public services funded?
Ans. Public services are funded through various sources. The primary source of funding is usually through taxes paid by the citizens. Governments also receive funding from other sources such as grants, loans, and user fees for certain services. The allocation of funds for public services is typically determined through the budgeting process.
3. What is the importance of public services?
Ans. Public services play a crucial role in the functioning of a society. They ensure the well-being and development of the citizens by providing essential services. Public services contribute to the overall quality of life, promote social equity, and support economic growth. They also help in maintaining law and order, protecting public health, and ensuring access to basic necessities.
4. How are public services regulated?
Ans. Public services are regulated by government bodies and agencies. These regulatory bodies set guidelines, standards, and policies to ensure the effective delivery of public services. They monitor the performance of service providers, address grievances, and enforce compliance with regulations. Regulations may vary depending on the specific service, and they aim to maintain accountability, transparency, and quality in service delivery.
5. What challenges do public services face?
Ans. Public services face various challenges in their delivery. Some common challenges include limited funding, increasing demand for services, bureaucratic inefficiencies, and political interference. Additionally, public services may encounter challenges related to resource allocation, infrastructure management, and addressing the diverse needs of a population. These challenges require effective planning, governance, and continuous improvement to ensure the optimal delivery of public services.
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