Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh and Goa - Physical | SSC CGL Tier 2 - Study Material, Online Tests, Previous Year PDF Download

 Page 1


Maharastra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh
and Goa- Physical
Maharashtra
Introduction
Maharashtra, a vibrant state located in the western part of India, is a land of
diverse landscapes, rich culture, and significant historical importance. In this
article, we will delve into the various aspects that make Maharashtra truly unique
and captivating. From its geographical features to its thriving capital city,
Maharashtra offers a plethora of experiences for travelers and residents alike.
1. Exploring Maharashtra
Maharashtra is situated in the Deccan plateau, encompassing a substantial area
with its triangular shape. Its western coastline, stretching approximately 450
miles (725 km), serves as its base, while the interior tapers to a blunt apex around
500 miles (800 km) to the east. The state shares its borders with Gujarat, Madhya
Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Telangana, Karnataka, and Goa. It is also connected to the
Arabian Sea, further enhancing its allure.
2. Mumbai: The Gateway of India
As the capital city of Maharashtra, Mumbai (formerly known as Bombay) is a
bustling metropolis located on the western coast. Connected to the mainland
through a network of roads and railways, Mumbai serves as the gateway to India.
Renowned for its vibrant energy, this island city has emerged as a prominent
commercial and industrial hub, playing a crucial role in the country's social and
political landscape.
3. Cultural Significance
Maharashtra stands as a leader among Indian states in various domains, including
agriculture, industrial production, trade and transport, and education. Its rich
cultural heritage, although briefly overshadowed during British rule, has thrived
and persisted through the medium of Marathi literature, the predominant
language of the state. Maharashtra's ancient traditions and values have fostered a
sense of unity among its people.
Page 2


Maharastra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh
and Goa- Physical
Maharashtra
Introduction
Maharashtra, a vibrant state located in the western part of India, is a land of
diverse landscapes, rich culture, and significant historical importance. In this
article, we will delve into the various aspects that make Maharashtra truly unique
and captivating. From its geographical features to its thriving capital city,
Maharashtra offers a plethora of experiences for travelers and residents alike.
1. Exploring Maharashtra
Maharashtra is situated in the Deccan plateau, encompassing a substantial area
with its triangular shape. Its western coastline, stretching approximately 450
miles (725 km), serves as its base, while the interior tapers to a blunt apex around
500 miles (800 km) to the east. The state shares its borders with Gujarat, Madhya
Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Telangana, Karnataka, and Goa. It is also connected to the
Arabian Sea, further enhancing its allure.
2. Mumbai: The Gateway of India
As the capital city of Maharashtra, Mumbai (formerly known as Bombay) is a
bustling metropolis located on the western coast. Connected to the mainland
through a network of roads and railways, Mumbai serves as the gateway to India.
Renowned for its vibrant energy, this island city has emerged as a prominent
commercial and industrial hub, playing a crucial role in the country's social and
political landscape.
3. Cultural Significance
Maharashtra stands as a leader among Indian states in various domains, including
agriculture, industrial production, trade and transport, and education. Its rich
cultural heritage, although briefly overshadowed during British rule, has thrived
and persisted through the medium of Marathi literature, the predominant
language of the state. Maharashtra's ancient traditions and values have fostered a
sense of unity among its people.
Maharastra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh
and Goa- Physical
4. Land Relief, Drainage, and Soils
The geographical diversity of Maharashtra is truly captivating. To the west lies the
narrow coastal lowland known as Konkan, which reaches its widest point near
Mumbai. Numerous hills adorn the region, accompanied by swift west-flowing
streams. The Western Ghats, a majestic mountain range that runs for
approximately 400 miles (640 km) north to south, forms a natural barrier
between the coastal region and the Deccan plateau. The eastern slopes of the
Ghats gradually descend to the plateau and are adorned with mature valleys
created by rivers such as Krishna, Bhima, and Godavari.
5. Climate
Maharashtra experiences a subtropical to tropical climate, characterized by
monsoonal patterns and local variations. The southwest monsoons arrive on the
Mumbai coast in the first week of June and continue until September,
contributing to the majority of the annual rainfall. The state generally experiences
four seasons: hot and dry (March-May), hot and wet (June-September), warm and
dry (October-November), and cool and dry (December-February). The Western
Ghats greatly influence the climate, creating a stark contrast between the wet
Konkan Coast and the dry interior upland, known as the Desh.
6. Flora and Fauna
While forests cover less than one-fifth of Maharashtra's land area, they thrive
primarily in the Western Ghats, the Satpura Range in the north, and the
Chandrapur region in the east. The coastal areas boast a rich variety of plant life,
including tall trees, diverse shrubs, and abundant mango and coconut groves.
Maharashtra's forests yield valuable resources such as teak, bamboo, and
myrobalan. From thorny savannas to subtropical vegetation on higher plateaus,
the state showcases a wide range of botanical wonders. Wildlife enthusiasts can
spot tigers, leopards, bison, various species of antelope, and a multitude of
monkeys, snakes, and game birds. The state's national parks, including Tadoba,
Chikhaldara, and Borivli, offer incredible opportunities to witness Maharashtra's
abundant marine life and diverse fauna.
Conclusion
Maharashtra is a tapestry of captivating landscapes, cultural heritage, and vibrant
Page 3


Maharastra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh
and Goa- Physical
Maharashtra
Introduction
Maharashtra, a vibrant state located in the western part of India, is a land of
diverse landscapes, rich culture, and significant historical importance. In this
article, we will delve into the various aspects that make Maharashtra truly unique
and captivating. From its geographical features to its thriving capital city,
Maharashtra offers a plethora of experiences for travelers and residents alike.
1. Exploring Maharashtra
Maharashtra is situated in the Deccan plateau, encompassing a substantial area
with its triangular shape. Its western coastline, stretching approximately 450
miles (725 km), serves as its base, while the interior tapers to a blunt apex around
500 miles (800 km) to the east. The state shares its borders with Gujarat, Madhya
Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Telangana, Karnataka, and Goa. It is also connected to the
Arabian Sea, further enhancing its allure.
2. Mumbai: The Gateway of India
As the capital city of Maharashtra, Mumbai (formerly known as Bombay) is a
bustling metropolis located on the western coast. Connected to the mainland
through a network of roads and railways, Mumbai serves as the gateway to India.
Renowned for its vibrant energy, this island city has emerged as a prominent
commercial and industrial hub, playing a crucial role in the country's social and
political landscape.
3. Cultural Significance
Maharashtra stands as a leader among Indian states in various domains, including
agriculture, industrial production, trade and transport, and education. Its rich
cultural heritage, although briefly overshadowed during British rule, has thrived
and persisted through the medium of Marathi literature, the predominant
language of the state. Maharashtra's ancient traditions and values have fostered a
sense of unity among its people.
Maharastra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh
and Goa- Physical
4. Land Relief, Drainage, and Soils
The geographical diversity of Maharashtra is truly captivating. To the west lies the
narrow coastal lowland known as Konkan, which reaches its widest point near
Mumbai. Numerous hills adorn the region, accompanied by swift west-flowing
streams. The Western Ghats, a majestic mountain range that runs for
approximately 400 miles (640 km) north to south, forms a natural barrier
between the coastal region and the Deccan plateau. The eastern slopes of the
Ghats gradually descend to the plateau and are adorned with mature valleys
created by rivers such as Krishna, Bhima, and Godavari.
5. Climate
Maharashtra experiences a subtropical to tropical climate, characterized by
monsoonal patterns and local variations. The southwest monsoons arrive on the
Mumbai coast in the first week of June and continue until September,
contributing to the majority of the annual rainfall. The state generally experiences
four seasons: hot and dry (March-May), hot and wet (June-September), warm and
dry (October-November), and cool and dry (December-February). The Western
Ghats greatly influence the climate, creating a stark contrast between the wet
Konkan Coast and the dry interior upland, known as the Desh.
6. Flora and Fauna
While forests cover less than one-fifth of Maharashtra's land area, they thrive
primarily in the Western Ghats, the Satpura Range in the north, and the
Chandrapur region in the east. The coastal areas boast a rich variety of plant life,
including tall trees, diverse shrubs, and abundant mango and coconut groves.
Maharashtra's forests yield valuable resources such as teak, bamboo, and
myrobalan. From thorny savannas to subtropical vegetation on higher plateaus,
the state showcases a wide range of botanical wonders. Wildlife enthusiasts can
spot tigers, leopards, bison, various species of antelope, and a multitude of
monkeys, snakes, and game birds. The state's national parks, including Tadoba,
Chikhaldara, and Borivli, offer incredible opportunities to witness Maharashtra's
abundant marine life and diverse fauna.
Conclusion
Maharashtra is a tapestry of captivating landscapes, cultural heritage, and vibrant
Maharastra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh
and Goa- Physical
cities. From the bustling streets of Mumbai to the tranquil Western Ghats and the
majestic national parks, this state has something for every traveler. Explore
Maharashtra and immerse yourself in its rich history, natural wonders, and warm
hospitality—it's an experience that will leave an indelible mark on your journey
through India.
Page 4


Maharastra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh
and Goa- Physical
Maharashtra
Introduction
Maharashtra, a vibrant state located in the western part of India, is a land of
diverse landscapes, rich culture, and significant historical importance. In this
article, we will delve into the various aspects that make Maharashtra truly unique
and captivating. From its geographical features to its thriving capital city,
Maharashtra offers a plethora of experiences for travelers and residents alike.
1. Exploring Maharashtra
Maharashtra is situated in the Deccan plateau, encompassing a substantial area
with its triangular shape. Its western coastline, stretching approximately 450
miles (725 km), serves as its base, while the interior tapers to a blunt apex around
500 miles (800 km) to the east. The state shares its borders with Gujarat, Madhya
Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Telangana, Karnataka, and Goa. It is also connected to the
Arabian Sea, further enhancing its allure.
2. Mumbai: The Gateway of India
As the capital city of Maharashtra, Mumbai (formerly known as Bombay) is a
bustling metropolis located on the western coast. Connected to the mainland
through a network of roads and railways, Mumbai serves as the gateway to India.
Renowned for its vibrant energy, this island city has emerged as a prominent
commercial and industrial hub, playing a crucial role in the country's social and
political landscape.
3. Cultural Significance
Maharashtra stands as a leader among Indian states in various domains, including
agriculture, industrial production, trade and transport, and education. Its rich
cultural heritage, although briefly overshadowed during British rule, has thrived
and persisted through the medium of Marathi literature, the predominant
language of the state. Maharashtra's ancient traditions and values have fostered a
sense of unity among its people.
Maharastra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh
and Goa- Physical
4. Land Relief, Drainage, and Soils
The geographical diversity of Maharashtra is truly captivating. To the west lies the
narrow coastal lowland known as Konkan, which reaches its widest point near
Mumbai. Numerous hills adorn the region, accompanied by swift west-flowing
streams. The Western Ghats, a majestic mountain range that runs for
approximately 400 miles (640 km) north to south, forms a natural barrier
between the coastal region and the Deccan plateau. The eastern slopes of the
Ghats gradually descend to the plateau and are adorned with mature valleys
created by rivers such as Krishna, Bhima, and Godavari.
5. Climate
Maharashtra experiences a subtropical to tropical climate, characterized by
monsoonal patterns and local variations. The southwest monsoons arrive on the
Mumbai coast in the first week of June and continue until September,
contributing to the majority of the annual rainfall. The state generally experiences
four seasons: hot and dry (March-May), hot and wet (June-September), warm and
dry (October-November), and cool and dry (December-February). The Western
Ghats greatly influence the climate, creating a stark contrast between the wet
Konkan Coast and the dry interior upland, known as the Desh.
6. Flora and Fauna
While forests cover less than one-fifth of Maharashtra's land area, they thrive
primarily in the Western Ghats, the Satpura Range in the north, and the
Chandrapur region in the east. The coastal areas boast a rich variety of plant life,
including tall trees, diverse shrubs, and abundant mango and coconut groves.
Maharashtra's forests yield valuable resources such as teak, bamboo, and
myrobalan. From thorny savannas to subtropical vegetation on higher plateaus,
the state showcases a wide range of botanical wonders. Wildlife enthusiasts can
spot tigers, leopards, bison, various species of antelope, and a multitude of
monkeys, snakes, and game birds. The state's national parks, including Tadoba,
Chikhaldara, and Borivli, offer incredible opportunities to witness Maharashtra's
abundant marine life and diverse fauna.
Conclusion
Maharashtra is a tapestry of captivating landscapes, cultural heritage, and vibrant
Maharastra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh
and Goa- Physical
cities. From the bustling streets of Mumbai to the tranquil Western Ghats and the
majestic national parks, this state has something for every traveler. Explore
Maharashtra and immerse yourself in its rich history, natural wonders, and warm
hospitality—it's an experience that will leave an indelible mark on your journey
through India.
Maharastra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh
and Goa- Physical
Telangana
Introduction
Telangana is a state located in southern India and is known for its rich historical
and cultural heritage. Understanding the physical features of Telangana is crucial
for candidates preparing for the UPSC (Union Public Service Commission)
examination. This guide provides a detailed explanation of the physical map of
Telangana, highlighting important geographical features, rivers, mountains, and
other significant landmarks.
1. Location and Boundaries
· Telangana is situated in the southern part of India, bordered by the states
of Maharashtra to the north, Chhattisgarh to the northeast, Karnataka to
the west and northwest, and Andhra Pradesh to the south and east.
· The state spans approximately between 15° 46' N to 19° 47' N latitude and
77° 15' E to 81° 55' E longitude.
2. Rivers and Water Bodies
· Krishna River: The Krishna River forms the southern boundary of
Telangana. It originates from the Western Ghats and flows through the
state, providing water for irrigation and serving as a lifeline for agriculture.
· Godavari River: The Godavari River flows through the northern and
northeastern parts of Telangana, originating in the Western Ghats and
passing through important cities such as Nizamabad and Karimnagar.
· Manjira River: The Manjira River is a major tributary of the Godavari River,
flowing through the western region of Telangana.
· Musi River: The Musi River is a tributary of the Krishna River and flows
through the city of Hyderabad, the capital of Telangana.
3. Mountain Ranges and Hills
· Eastern Ghats: The Eastern Ghats extend along the eastern border of
Telangana, providing a natural boundary between the state and the
neighboring states of Andhra Pradesh and Odisha. These hills are a source
of many rivers and are known for their scenic beauty.
Page 5


Maharastra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh
and Goa- Physical
Maharashtra
Introduction
Maharashtra, a vibrant state located in the western part of India, is a land of
diverse landscapes, rich culture, and significant historical importance. In this
article, we will delve into the various aspects that make Maharashtra truly unique
and captivating. From its geographical features to its thriving capital city,
Maharashtra offers a plethora of experiences for travelers and residents alike.
1. Exploring Maharashtra
Maharashtra is situated in the Deccan plateau, encompassing a substantial area
with its triangular shape. Its western coastline, stretching approximately 450
miles (725 km), serves as its base, while the interior tapers to a blunt apex around
500 miles (800 km) to the east. The state shares its borders with Gujarat, Madhya
Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Telangana, Karnataka, and Goa. It is also connected to the
Arabian Sea, further enhancing its allure.
2. Mumbai: The Gateway of India
As the capital city of Maharashtra, Mumbai (formerly known as Bombay) is a
bustling metropolis located on the western coast. Connected to the mainland
through a network of roads and railways, Mumbai serves as the gateway to India.
Renowned for its vibrant energy, this island city has emerged as a prominent
commercial and industrial hub, playing a crucial role in the country's social and
political landscape.
3. Cultural Significance
Maharashtra stands as a leader among Indian states in various domains, including
agriculture, industrial production, trade and transport, and education. Its rich
cultural heritage, although briefly overshadowed during British rule, has thrived
and persisted through the medium of Marathi literature, the predominant
language of the state. Maharashtra's ancient traditions and values have fostered a
sense of unity among its people.
Maharastra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh
and Goa- Physical
4. Land Relief, Drainage, and Soils
The geographical diversity of Maharashtra is truly captivating. To the west lies the
narrow coastal lowland known as Konkan, which reaches its widest point near
Mumbai. Numerous hills adorn the region, accompanied by swift west-flowing
streams. The Western Ghats, a majestic mountain range that runs for
approximately 400 miles (640 km) north to south, forms a natural barrier
between the coastal region and the Deccan plateau. The eastern slopes of the
Ghats gradually descend to the plateau and are adorned with mature valleys
created by rivers such as Krishna, Bhima, and Godavari.
5. Climate
Maharashtra experiences a subtropical to tropical climate, characterized by
monsoonal patterns and local variations. The southwest monsoons arrive on the
Mumbai coast in the first week of June and continue until September,
contributing to the majority of the annual rainfall. The state generally experiences
four seasons: hot and dry (March-May), hot and wet (June-September), warm and
dry (October-November), and cool and dry (December-February). The Western
Ghats greatly influence the climate, creating a stark contrast between the wet
Konkan Coast and the dry interior upland, known as the Desh.
6. Flora and Fauna
While forests cover less than one-fifth of Maharashtra's land area, they thrive
primarily in the Western Ghats, the Satpura Range in the north, and the
Chandrapur region in the east. The coastal areas boast a rich variety of plant life,
including tall trees, diverse shrubs, and abundant mango and coconut groves.
Maharashtra's forests yield valuable resources such as teak, bamboo, and
myrobalan. From thorny savannas to subtropical vegetation on higher plateaus,
the state showcases a wide range of botanical wonders. Wildlife enthusiasts can
spot tigers, leopards, bison, various species of antelope, and a multitude of
monkeys, snakes, and game birds. The state's national parks, including Tadoba,
Chikhaldara, and Borivli, offer incredible opportunities to witness Maharashtra's
abundant marine life and diverse fauna.
Conclusion
Maharashtra is a tapestry of captivating landscapes, cultural heritage, and vibrant
Maharastra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh
and Goa- Physical
cities. From the bustling streets of Mumbai to the tranquil Western Ghats and the
majestic national parks, this state has something for every traveler. Explore
Maharashtra and immerse yourself in its rich history, natural wonders, and warm
hospitality—it's an experience that will leave an indelible mark on your journey
through India.
Maharastra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh
and Goa- Physical
Telangana
Introduction
Telangana is a state located in southern India and is known for its rich historical
and cultural heritage. Understanding the physical features of Telangana is crucial
for candidates preparing for the UPSC (Union Public Service Commission)
examination. This guide provides a detailed explanation of the physical map of
Telangana, highlighting important geographical features, rivers, mountains, and
other significant landmarks.
1. Location and Boundaries
· Telangana is situated in the southern part of India, bordered by the states
of Maharashtra to the north, Chhattisgarh to the northeast, Karnataka to
the west and northwest, and Andhra Pradesh to the south and east.
· The state spans approximately between 15° 46' N to 19° 47' N latitude and
77° 15' E to 81° 55' E longitude.
2. Rivers and Water Bodies
· Krishna River: The Krishna River forms the southern boundary of
Telangana. It originates from the Western Ghats and flows through the
state, providing water for irrigation and serving as a lifeline for agriculture.
· Godavari River: The Godavari River flows through the northern and
northeastern parts of Telangana, originating in the Western Ghats and
passing through important cities such as Nizamabad and Karimnagar.
· Manjira River: The Manjira River is a major tributary of the Godavari River,
flowing through the western region of Telangana.
· Musi River: The Musi River is a tributary of the Krishna River and flows
through the city of Hyderabad, the capital of Telangana.
3. Mountain Ranges and Hills
· Eastern Ghats: The Eastern Ghats extend along the eastern border of
Telangana, providing a natural boundary between the state and the
neighboring states of Andhra Pradesh and Odisha. These hills are a source
of many rivers and are known for their scenic beauty.
Maharastra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh
and Goa- Physical
· Nallamala Hills: The Nallamala Hills, a part of the Eastern Ghats, are located
in the southern region of Telangana. They are known for their dense forests
and diverse wildlife.
· Mahbubnagar Plateau: This plateau is situated in the southern part of
Telangana and is characterized by gently undulating terrain. It is known for
its agricultural productivity.
4. Plateaus and Plains
· Telangana Plateau: The majority of Telangana is situated on the Telangana
Plateau, which forms the central part of the state. It is a semi-arid region
with undulating plains, rocky outcrops, and shallow valleys.
· Deccan Plateau: The northern part of Telangana lies on the Deccan Plateau,
which extends across several states in central India. It is characterized by
rugged terrain, black soil, and basaltic rock formations.
5. National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries
· Kawal Wildlife Sanctuary: Located in the Adilabad district, it is one of the
largest wildlife sanctuaries in Telangana and is known for its diverse flora
and fauna.
· Nagarjunsagar-Srisailam Tiger Reserve: This tiger reserve, spread across
five districts, is the largest in India and serves as a habitat for several
endangered species.
· Pocharam Wildlife Sanctuary: Situated in the Medak district, this sanctuary
is known for its avian diversity and serves as a wintering ground for
migratory birds.
6. Important Cities and Landmarks
· Hyderabad: The capital city of Telangana, Hyderabad, is a major cultural,
economic, and technological hub. It is known for its historic monuments
like the Charminar and Golconda Fort, as well as modern infrastructure.
· Warangal: Warangal is an ancient city in Telangana and was once the
capital of the Kakatiya dynasty. It is known for its historic architecture,
including the Thousand Pillar Temple and the Warangal Fort.