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Map: Mountain Ranges in India | Geography for UPSC CSE

The document Map: Mountain Ranges in India | Geography for UPSC CSE is a part of the UPSC Course Geography for UPSC CSE.
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FAQs on Map: Mountain Ranges in India - Geography for UPSC CSE

1. What are the major mountain ranges in India?
Ans. The major mountain ranges in India include the Himalayas, the Western Ghats, the Eastern Ghats, the Aravalli Range, and the Vindhya Range. The Himalayas are the highest and most prominent, forming a natural barrier between India and Tibet, while the Western and Eastern Ghats are significant for biodiversity and climate regulation.
2. How do the Himalayas influence the climate of India?
Ans. The Himalayas play a crucial role in influencing the climate of India by acting as a barrier to cold winds from Central Asia. They also block the southwest monsoon winds, causing heavy rainfall on the southern slopes and creating a rain shadow effect in the northern regions. This results in diverse climatic conditions across the country.
3. What is the significance of the Western Ghats in terms of biodiversity?
Ans. The Western Ghats are recognized as one of the world's eight "hottest hotspots" of biological diversity. They are home to numerous endemic species of flora and fauna, including many threatened species. The range also plays a vital role in the hydrology of the region, influencing the water supply for millions.
4. What geological processes led to the formation of the Himalayan mountain range?
Ans. The Himalayan mountain range was formed due to the collision of the Indian Plate with the Eurasian Plate, a process that began around 50 million years ago. This tectonic activity caused the uplift of the land, leading to the creation of the tallest peaks in the world, including Mount Everest.
5. What are the key features of the Aravalli Range?
Ans. The Aravalli Range is one of the oldest mountain ranges in India, characterized by its rugged terrain and rich mineral resources. It runs approximately 800 kilometers from the northeast to the southwest of India, passing through states like Rajasthan, Haryana, and Gujarat. The range influences local climate and is home to several wildlife sanctuaries.
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