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FAQs on Mind Map: Structure of Atom - Chemistry Class 11 - NEET

1. What are the main components of an atom?
Ans. The main components of an atom are protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons are positively charged particles located in the nucleus, neutrons are neutral particles also found in the nucleus, and electrons are negatively charged particles that orbit around the nucleus in electron shells.
2. How do protons and neutrons differ from electrons in terms of mass?
Ans. Protons and neutrons have a much greater mass compared to electrons. A proton has a mass of approximately 1 atomic mass unit (amu), and a neutron is slightly heavier, also around 1 amu. In contrast, an electron has a mass of about 1/1836 of a proton, making it significantly lighter than protons and neutrons.
3. What is the significance of the atomic number?
Ans. The atomic number is the number of protons in an atom's nucleus and determines the identity of the element. It also defines the element's position on the periodic table and influences its chemical properties, as it affects the number of electrons surrounding the nucleus.
4. What is the difference between isotopes of an element?
Ans. Isotopes of an element are variants that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons. This means they have the same atomic number but different atomic masses. Isotopes can exhibit different physical properties and stability, with some being radioactive.
5. How does the arrangement of electrons affect an atom’s chemical behavior?
Ans. The arrangement of electrons, particularly in the outermost shell (valence electrons), determines how an atom interacts with other atoms. Atoms with full outer shells are generally stable and less reactive, while those with incomplete shells tend to form bonds with other atoms to achieve a full shell, influencing their chemical reactivity and bonding behavior.
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