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C o n s o l i d a t i o n  o f  B r i t i s h
P o w e r  i n  I n d i a
C a u s e s  o f  B r i t i s h  E x p a n s i o n  ( 1 7 5 7 - 1 8 1 8 )
P h a s e s  o f  B r i t i s h  E x p a n s i o n  ( 1 7 5 7 - 1 8 1 8 )
C o n s o l i d a t i o n  o f  B r i t i s h  P o w e r  ( 1 8 1 8 -
1 8 5 7 )
E c o n o m i c  I m p a c t  o f  B r i t i s h  R u l e
S o c i a l  a n d  C u l t u r a l  I m p a c t  o f  B r i t i s h  R u l e
P o l i t i c a l  a n d  A d m i n i s t r a t i v e  C h a n g e s
B r i t i s h  E a s t  I n d i a  C o m p a n y :  E s t a b l i s h e d  t r a d i n g
p o s t s  i n  I n d i a ,  g r a d u a l l y  g a i n e d  c o n t r o l  o v e r  r e g i o n s .
E c o n o m i c  I n t e r e s t s :  A i m e d  t o  m o n o p o l i z e  t r a d e ,
e x p o r t  r a w  m a t e r i a l s  f r o m  I n d i a .
P o l i t i c a l  I n s t a b i l i t y :  W e a k n e s s  o f  M u g h a l  E m p i r e  a n d
r e g i o n a l  p o w e r s  c r e a t e d  o p p o r t u n i t i e s  f o r  B r i t i s h
i n t e r v e n t i o n .
M i l i t a r y  S u p e r i o r i t y :  B r i t i s h  a r m y  w i t h  a d v a n c e d
w e a p o n s  a n d  t a c t i c s  d o m i n a t e d  I n d i a n  f o r c e s .
D i v i d e  a n d  R u l e  P o l i c y :  E x p l o i t e d  r i v a l r i e s  a m o n g
I n d i a n  r u l e r s  t o  w e a k e n  o p p o s i t i o n .
B r i t i s h  A d m i n i s t r a t i o n :  E s t a b l i s h m e n t  o f
a d m i n i s t r a t i v e  m a c h i n e r y  w i t h  B r i t i s h  o f f i c i a l s ,
g o v e r n e d  t h r o u g h  a  h i e r a r c h y .
I n d i a n  C i v i l  S e r v i c e :  R e c r u i t m e n t  a n d  t r a i n i n g  o f
I n d i a n  c i v i l  s e r v a n t s  t o  a s s i s t  B r i t i s h  a d m i n i s t r a t o r s .
L a w s  a n d  J u d i c i a l  S y s t e m :  I n t r o d u c t i o n  o f  B r i t i s h
l e g a l  s y s t e m ,  c o u r t s ,  a n d  c o d i f i c a t i o n  o f  l a w s .
L o c a l  S e l f - G o v e r n m e n t :  F o r m a t i o n  o f  m u n i c i p a l
b o d i e s ,  d e v e l o p m e n t  o f  l o c a l  g o v e r n a n c e  s y s t e m s .
I n t r o d u c t i o n  o f  E n g l i s h  L a n g u a g e :  E n g l i s h  a s  o f f i c i a l
l a n g u a g e ,  m e d i u m  o f  e d u c a t i o n  a n d  a d m i n i s t r a t i o n .
A n n e x a t i o n  o f  P u n j a b  ( 1 8 4 9 ) :  B r i t i s h  E a s t  I n d i a
C o m p a n y  a n n e x e d  S i k h  E m p i r e  a f t e r  A n g l o - S i k h  W a r .
D o c t r i n e  o f  L a p s e  ( 1 8 4 8 - 1 8 5 6 ) :  A n n e x a t i o n  o f  I n d i a n
p r i n c e l y  s t a t e s  t h a t  l a c k e d  m a l e  h e i r .
B e n g a l  R e n a i s s a n c e :  C u l t u r a l  a n d  s o c i a l  r e f o r m s  l e d
b y  B r i t i s h - e d u c a t e d  I n d i a n  i n t e l l e c t u a l s .
B r i t i s h  E d u c a t i o n  S y s t e m :  I n t r o d u c t i o n  o f  W e s t e r n
e d u c a t i o n ,  E n g l i s h  l a n g u a g e ,  a n d  e s t a b l i s h m e n t  o f
u n i v e r s i t i e s .
I n d i a n  R e b e l l i o n  o f  1 8 5 7 :  U p r i s i n g  a g a i n s t  B r i t i s h  r u l e ,
r e s u l t  i n  d i r e c t  B r i t i s h  C r o w n  r u l e  ( 1 8 5 8 ) .
W e s t e r n  E d u c a t i o n :  S p r e a d  o f  m o d e r n  e d u c a t i o n ,
E n g l i s h  l a n g u a g e ,  a n d  s c i e n t i f i c  k n o w l e d g e .
S o c i a l  R e f o r m s :  E f f o r t s  t o  a b o l i s h  s a t i ,  c h i l d
m a r r i a g e ,  w i d o w  r e m a r r i a g e ,  a n d  p r o m o t e  w o m e n ' s
r i g h t s .
C u l t u r a l  E x c h a n g e :  I n t r o d u c t i o n  o f  W e s t e r n  i d e a s ,
l i t e r a t u r e ,  m u s i c ,  a n d  a r t .
R i s e  o f  M i d d l e  C l a s s :  E m e r g e n c e  o f  I n d i a n  u r b a n
m i d d l e  c l a s s  d u e  t o  e d u c a t i o n  a n d  e m p l o y m e n t
o p p o r t u n i t i e s .
R e l i g i o u s  a n d  S o c i a l  M o v e m e n t s :  F o r m a t i o n  o f
r e f o r m i s t  m o v e m e n t s  l i k e  B r a h m o  S a m a j  a n d  A r y a
S a m a j .
I m p a c t  o n  C a s t e  S y s t e m :  B r i t i s h  p o l i c i e s  a n d  l e g a l
r e f o r m s  c h a l l e n g e d  t r a d i t i o n a l  c a s t e - b a s e d  s o c i a l
s t r u c t u r e .
D r a i n  o f  W e a l t h :  E x p l o i t a t i o n  o f  I n d i a ' s  r e s o u r c e s  a n d
t r a d e  l e d  t o  e c o n o m i c  d r a i n  t o  B r i t a i n .
C o m m e r c i a l i z a t i o n  o f  A g r i c u l t u r e :  S h i f t  f r o m
s u b s i s t e n c e  a g r i c u l t u r e  t o  c a s h  c r o p s  ( i n d i g o ,
c o t t o n ) .
R a i l w a y s  a n d  I n f r a s t r u c t u r e :  B r i t i s h  i n v e s t m e n t  i n
r a i l w a y s ,  b r i d g e s ,  c a n a l s ,  a n d  t e l e g r a p h  n e t w o r k .
I n d u s t r i a l  D e v e l o p m e n t :  E s t a b l i s h m e n t  o f  t e x t i l e
m i l l s ,  c o a l  m i n e s ,  a n d  o t h e r  i n d u s t r i e s .
M o d e r n  B a n k i n g  a n d  F i n a n c e :  I n t r o d u c t i o n  o f  m o d e r n
b a n k i n g  s y s t e m ,  s t a n d a r d i z e d  c u r r e n c y .
I m p a c t  o n  H a n d i c r a f t s :  D e c l i n e  o f  t r a d i t i o n a l
h a n d i c r a f t s  d u e  t o  c o m p e t i t i o n  f r o m  B r i t i s h
i n d u s t r i e s .
B a t t l e  o f  P l a s s e y  ( 1 7 5 7 ) :  B r i t i s h  v i c t o r y  o v e r  B e n g a l
N a w a b ,  g a i n e d  c o n t r o l  o f  B e n g a l .
A n g l o - M y s o r e  W a r s  ( 1 7 6 7 - 1 7 9 9 ) :  S e r i e s  o f  c o n f l i c t s
w i t h  M y s o r e  k i n g d o m  u n d e r  T i p u  S u l t a n .
C a r n a t i c  W a r s  ( 1 7 4 6 - 1 7 6 3 ) :  B r i t i s h  d e f e a t e d  F r e n c h  i n
S o u t h  I n d i a ,  g a i n e d  c o n t r o l  o v e r  M a d r a s .
M a r a t h a  W a r s  ( 1 7 7 5 - 1 8 1 8 ) :  B r i t i s h  d e f e a t e d  M a r a t h a
C o n f e d e r a c y ,  g a i n e d  c o n t r o l  o v e r  W e s t e r n  I n d i a .
S u b s i d i a r y  A l l i a n c e  S y s t e m  ( 1 7 9 8 - 1 8 1 8 ) :  F o r c e d  I n d i a n
r u l e r s  t o  a c c e p t  B r i t i s h  c o n t r o l ,  p r o v i d e  t r o o p s  a n d
t e r r i t o r y .
A n g l o - N e p a l e s e  W a r  ( 1 8 1 4 - 1 8 1 6 ) :  B r i t i s h  v i c t o r y ,
e x p a n d e d  c o n t r o l  o v e r  N e p a l .
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