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Mind Map: Human Health & Diseases - NEET

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FAQs on Mind Map: Human Health & Diseases - NEET

1. What are the common types of diseases covered in the Human Health & Diseases syllabus for NEET?
Ans. The common types of diseases include infectious diseases, non-communicable diseases, genetic disorders, and lifestyle-related diseases. Infectious diseases can be caused by pathogens like bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites, while non-communicable diseases include conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, and cancer. Genetic disorders are caused by abnormalities in genes or chromosomes, and lifestyle-related diseases often relate to diet, physical activity, and environmental factors.
2. How does the immune system function to protect human health?
Ans. The immune system functions by recognizing and responding to pathogens that invade the body. It consists of two main components: the innate immune system, which provides a rapid, nonspecific response, and the adaptive immune system, which develops a targeted response against specific pathogens. Key players include white blood cells, antibodies, and various signaling molecules. When a pathogen is detected, the immune cells work to neutralize or eliminate it, and memory cells are formed to provide long-term immunity.
3. What are the major classifications of vaccines and their roles in disease prevention?
Ans. Vaccines are primarily classified into three categories: live attenuated vaccines, inactivated or killed vaccines, and subunit or recombinant vaccines. Live attenuated vaccines contain weakened forms of the pathogen and stimulate strong immune responses. Inactivated vaccines contain killed pathogens and are generally safer but may require boosters. Subunit vaccines include specific parts of the pathogen (like proteins) and provoke an immune response without using the live pathogen, which is crucial for preventing diseases like hepatitis B and HPV.
4. What are some common lifestyle modifications that can enhance overall health?
Ans. Common lifestyle modifications include maintaining a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins; engaging in regular physical activity; managing stress through mindfulness or relaxation techniques; avoiding tobacco use; and limiting alcohol consumption. Additionally, adequate sleep and regular health check-ups are essential for early detection and prevention of diseases.
5. How do environmental factors influence human health and the prevalence of diseases?
Ans. Environmental factors such as air and water quality, exposure to pollutants, and access to healthcare services significantly influence human health. Poor air quality can lead to respiratory diseases, while contaminated water can cause gastrointestinal infections. Additionally, socioeconomic factors like poverty and education level can affect health outcomes by limiting access to healthy food, healthcare, and safe living conditions. Addressing these environmental determinants is crucial in disease prevention and health promotion.
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