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Ministry of Health & Family Welfare: Government Schemes | Indian Economy for UPSC CSE PDF Download


MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE

G.1. NATIONAL RURAL HEALTH MISSION

Ministry of Health & Family Welfare: Government Schemes | Indian Economy for UPSC CSE

Ministry of Health & Family Welfare: Government Schemes | Indian Economy for UPSC CSE

 

Objective 

Intended beneficiary 

Salient features 

 To improve the healthcare services, particularly in rural areas.

 To provide accessible, affordable, accountable and effective primary healthcare facilities, especially to the poor and vulnerable sections of the population.

 Establishing a fully functional, community owned, decentralized health delivery system with inter-sectoral convergence at all levels,

 Ensures simultaneous action on a wide range of determinants of health such as water, sanitation, education, nutrition, social and gender equality

 

 Neo-natal children

 Infants

 Children

 Adolescents

 Mothers

 And general population

 

Initiatives under NRHM:

 Accredited social health activists

 Janani Suraksha Yojana

 Mobile medical units

 Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSK)

 Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK)

 Mother and child health wings (MCH wings)

 Free drugs and free diagnostic service

 District hospital and knowledge center (DHKC)

 Mainstreaming AYUSH – revitalizing local health traditions.

 Strengthening existing PHCs and CHCs, and provision of 30- 50 bedded

 Promoting non-profit sector

 

Components of NRHM

Ministry of Health & Family Welfare: Government Schemes | Indian Economy for UPSC CSE

 

G.2. NATIONAL URBAN HEALTH MISSION

Objective 

Intended beneficiary 

Salient features 

 To meet health care needs of the urban population with the focus on urban poor, slum dwellers, by making available to them essential primary health care services and

 Reducing their out of pocket expenses for treatment

 Neo-natal children

 Infants

 Children

 Adolescents

 Mothers

 And general population

 Need based city specific urban health care system

 Partnership with community and local bodies and ngos

 District health action plan

 Entre-state funding pattern will be 75:25 for all the states and 90:10 for Special Category s States.

 

G.3. ACCREDITED SOCIAL HEALTH ACTIVIST (ASHA)

It is a Part of NRHM

Objective 

Intended beneficiary 

Salient features 

 

 To work as an interface between the community and the public health system.

 To be a fountainhead of community participation in public health programmes in her village.

 To help villagers and mothers access immunisation, ante natal check-up (anc), post natal check-up supplementary nutrition, sanitation

 

 Neo-natal children

 Infants

 Children

 Adolescents

 Mothers

 And general population

 

 

 Key components of the national rural health mission is to provide every village in the country with a trained female community health activist ASHA

 be the first port of call for any health related demands of deprived sections of the population, especially women and children, who find it difficult to access health services.

 Create awareness on health and its social determinants promoter of good health practices

 Provide information to the community on determinants of health such as nutrition, basic sanitation & hygienic practices

 

G.4. MISSION INDRADHANUSH

Objective 

Intended beneficiary 

Salient features 

 Full immunization coverage from present 65% to 90% for all children by 2020

 All children under the age of two years and pregnant women are fully immunized with all available vaccines.

 

 All children under the age of two years and

 pregnant women

 

 All vaccines are available free of cost under ‘universal immunization programme’

 7 vaccine preventable diseases which include diphtheria, whooping cough, tetanus, polio, tuberculosis, measles and hepatitis b.

 “catch-up” campaign mode where the aim is to cover all the children who have been left out or missed out for immunization.

 first phase of mission has identified and targeted 201 high focus districts in the country that have the highest number of partially immunized and unimmunized children.

 

G.5. RASHTRIYA SWASTHYA BIMA YOJANA (RSBY)

Objective 

Intended beneficiary 

Salient features 

 To recognise the diversity with regard to public health infrastructure, their socio -economic conditions and the administrative network.

 The health insurance scheme aims to facilitate launching of health insurance projects in all the districts of the states in a phased manner for bpl workers

 

 Any Below Poverty Line (BPL) family, whose information is included in the district BPL list prepared by the State government and who has enrolled for RSBY.

 

 Government- run health insurance scheme for the BPL family.

 It-enabled and smart–card-based cashless healthy insurance cover, up to Rs. 30,000/- per annum on a family floater basis

 RSBY was revamped in October 2014 as a part of Shramevajayantey event and links RSBY’s beneficiary’s bank account with Aadhaar card.

 Single central smart card to be issued to include other welfare schemes Like Aam Aadmi Bima Yojana and national old age pension scheme.

 RSBY was revamped in October 2014 as a part of Shramevajayantey event

 Revamped RSBY to be merged with national health assurance mission: ( universal insurance is key to the concept of health assurance)

· States can add to both by paying for the additional coverage.

 Health ministry is also looking at developing an it platform where health-related schemes not just of this ministry but also those of other ministries that have a bearing on health - for example, the janani shishu suraksha yojana of the women and child development ministry - can be managed from the same platform and a common registration system, ensuring there is neither duplication nor wastage of resources.

 

G.6. RASHTRIYA BAL SWASTHYA KARYAKRAM (RBSK)

Objective 

Intended beneficiary 

Salient features 

a. Health screening for 4 ds -defects at birth, diseases, deficiencies and development delays including disability.

b. Equitable child health, care and early detection and treatment.

 

 The services aim to cover all children of 0-6 years of age group in rural areas and urban slums,

 Children up to 18 years of age enrolled in classes 1st to 12th in government and government-aided schools.

 Reach and benefit of about 27 crore children in a phased manner.

 

 Part of (child health screening and early intervention services under NRHM) -- reproductive and child health initiatives

 Children diagnosed with illnesses shall receive follow up including surgeries at tertiary level, free-of-cost under NRHM. 

 Community based newborn screening by ASHAs (age 0-6 weeks) for birth defect

 From 6 week to 18 years, screening by mobile health teams (consists of two doctors (AYUSH) one male and one female, one ANM/staff nurse and one pharmacist)

 

G.7. JANANI SURAKSHA YOJANA

Objective 

Intended beneficiary 

Salient features 

 Reducing maternal and infant mortality by promoting institutional delivery among pregnant women.

 Part of rmncha+ of nrhm

 To new born babies from pregnancy related complications and deaths.

 

 Pregnant woman

 New born babies (neonates)

 

 Eligible pregnant women are entitled for cash assistance irrespective of the age of mother and number of children for giving birth in a government or accredited private health facility.

 Focuses on poor pregnant woman with a special dispensation for low performing states.

 Performance based incentives to women health volunteers known as Asha (accredited social health activist) for promoting institutional delivery among pregnant women.

Low performing states: states that have low institutional delivery rates, namely, the states of Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Bihar, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Assam, Rajasthan, Orissa, And Jammu And Kashmir.

G.8. JANANI SHISHU SURAKSHA KARYAKRAM

Objective 

Intended beneficiary 

Salient features 

 To mitigate the problem of out of pocket expenses which prevents institutional attendance of pregnant women.

 To provide better health facilities for pregnant women and sick neonates.

 

 Pregnant woman

 New born babies (neonates)

 

 The scheme emphasizes utmost importance on “free entitlements”. The idea is to eliminate out-of-pocket expenses for both pregnant women and sick neonates.

Zero expense deliveries: pregnant women are entitled for free drugs and consumables, free diagnostics, free blood whenever required, and free diet up to 3 days for normal delivery and 7 days for c-section.

 Free transport from home to institution,

 It supplements the cash assistance given to a pregnant woman under Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY).

 

G.9. SOIL TRANSMITTED HELMINTHES (STH) INFECTIONS

Objective 

Intended beneficiary 

Salient features 

 To prioritize investment in control of soil transmitted helminthes (sth) infections

 Aims to create mass awareness about the most effective and low-cost sth treatment

 

 Special emphasis on children

 

 Union minister for health and family welfare launched the national deworming day

 Administering albendazole tablets

 Behavior change practices in terms of cleanliness, hygiene, use of toilets, wearing shoes/chappals, washing hands

 The de-worming initiative was implemented in 277 districts and 9.49 lakhs frontline workers were trained for NDD 2015

 India is now launching national de-worming day 2016 to cover the whole country, aiming towards a massive target of 27 crore children in 536 districts of the country

 

G.10. RASHTRIYA AROGYA NIDHI (RAN)

Objective 

Intended beneficiary 

Salient features 

 To provide for financial assistance to patients, living below poverty line who are suffering from major life threatening diseases,

 To receive medical treatment at any of the super specialty hospitals/institutes or other govt.

 Patients, living below poverty line who are suffering from major life threatening diseases,

 

 Assistance in RAN is not directly provided to the Patient but is given to the Superintendent of the hospital in which treatment is being taken. Assistance admissible for treatment in Government Hospital only

 The state government can grant up to Rs 1.5 lakhs, beyond which needs centre’s sanction

The document Ministry of Health & Family Welfare: Government Schemes | Indian Economy for UPSC CSE is a part of the UPSC Course Indian Economy for UPSC CSE.
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FAQs on Ministry of Health & Family Welfare: Government Schemes - Indian Economy for UPSC CSE

1. What are some key government schemes related to health and family welfare in India?
Ans. Some key government schemes related to health and family welfare in India are: - Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana: It provides health insurance coverage of up to Rs. 5 lakhs per family per year for secondary and tertiary care hospitalization. - National Health Mission (NHM): It aims to provide accessible, affordable, and quality healthcare to rural and urban populations through various programs and initiatives. - Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan (PMSMA): It provides free antenatal care to pregnant women, including high-risk pregnancies, by conducting special health check-ups and ensuring necessary follow-up. - Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY): It promotes institutional deliveries and provides financial assistance to pregnant women for delivery and postnatal care. - Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK): It focuses on early identification and management of 4 Ds - Defects at birth, Diseases in children, Deficiencies, and Developmental delays including disability.
2. How does Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana benefit the citizens?
Ans. Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB-PMJAY) provides several benefits to the citizens of India: - Health Insurance Coverage: It offers health insurance coverage of up to Rs. 5 lakhs per family per year for secondary and tertiary care hospitalization. This reduces the financial burden on families during medical emergencies. - Cashless Treatment: Under this scheme, eligible beneficiaries can avail cashless treatment at empaneled hospitals across the country. This ensures easy access to quality healthcare services without any upfront payment. - Wide Coverage: AB-PMJAY covers a wide range of medical conditions, including pre-existing diseases, and provides coverage for various medical procedures, surgeries, and treatments. - Portability: The scheme is portable across India, meaning beneficiaries can avail treatment in any empaneled hospital across the country, irrespective of their home state. - Beneficiary Identification: AB-PMJAY uses a unique identification mechanism to identify eligible beneficiaries, ensuring that the benefits reach the intended individuals.
3. What is the objective of the National Health Mission (NHM)?
Ans. The National Health Mission (NHM) aims to achieve universal access to equitable, affordable, and quality healthcare services in India. The key objectives of NHM are: - Improving Health Infrastructure: NHM focuses on strengthening the healthcare infrastructure by upgrading existing facilities, establishing new healthcare centers, and ensuring the availability of essential drugs and medical equipment. - Maternal and Child Health: NHM aims to reduce maternal and infant mortality rates by promoting safe motherhood practices, providing quality antenatal and postnatal care, and ensuring immunization coverage for children. - Communicable and Non-Communicable Diseases: NHM works towards preventing and controlling communicable diseases like malaria, tuberculosis, and HIV/AIDS. It also focuses on promoting awareness and prevention of non-communicable diseases like diabetes, hypertension, and cancer. - Health Systems Strengthening: NHM aims to strengthen the healthcare delivery system at all levels, including primary, secondary, and tertiary care. It focuses on capacity building, skill development, and ensuring the availability of trained healthcare professionals. - Community Participation: NHM encourages community participation and engagement in healthcare planning, implementation, and monitoring to ensure the effective delivery of healthcare services.
4. How does the Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) promote institutional deliveries?
Ans. Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) promotes institutional deliveries by providing financial assistance to pregnant women. Here's how it works: - Financial Assistance: Under JSY, pregnant women are provided cash incentives for delivering in a healthcare institution. This encourages them to opt for institutional deliveries instead of home deliveries. - Safe Delivery Kits: JSY also provides Safe Delivery Kits to pregnant women. These kits contain essential items for safe delivery and newborn care, ensuring better hygiene and reducing the risk of infections during childbirth. - Transportation Allowance: In areas where healthcare facilities are not easily accessible, JSY provides transportation allowances to pregnant women to cover the cost of reaching the nearest healthcare institution for delivery. - Postnatal Care: JSY also encourages postnatal care by providing cash incentives to women for post-delivery check-ups and immunization of the newborn. - Emphasis on High-Risk Pregnancies: JSY gives special attention to high-risk pregnancies by providing additional financial assistance and ensuring timely referral and specialized care for such cases.
5. What is the focus of the Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK)?
Ans. The Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK) focuses on the early identification and management of health issues in children. Here are its key aspects: - Screening: RBSK aims to screen children from birth up to 18 years of age for various health conditions, including defects at birth, diseases, deficiencies, and developmental delays including disabilities. - Comprehensive Health Check-ups: RBSK provides comprehensive health check-ups to identify and diagnose health issues in children. This includes physical examination, assessment of growth and development, vision and hearing screening, and laboratory investigations, if required. - Early Intervention Services: RBSK ensures that children diagnosed with health issues receive timely and appropriate medical interventions. This may include medical treatment, referral to specialized healthcare facilities, or rehabilitation services for developmental delays and disabilities. - Health Education: RBSK also focuses on health education and counseling for parents and caregivers. It aims to create awareness about child health, nutrition, hygiene, and preventive healthcare practices. - Follow-up and Monitoring: RBSK ensures regular follow-up and monitoring of children with identified health issues to track their progress, provide necessary interventions, and ensure continuity of care.
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