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Mnemonics: Life Processes | Science Class 10 PDF Download

1. 7 Characteristics of Life

Mnemonic: “MRS GREN” 

This acronym is used to help us remember the 7 characteristics of life (Movement, Respiration, Sensitivity, Growth, Reproduction, Excretion, Nutrition) .

2. Heterotrophic Nutrition

Mnemonic: "SHAP"

Mnemonics: Life Processes | Science Class 10

  • Saprophytes (decompose dead matter)
  • Holozoic (solid food ingestion)
  • Animals (depend on others)
  • Parasites (feed off hosts)

3. Photosynthesis

Mnemonic: "ALCO"

Mnemonics: Life Processes | Science Class 10

  • Absorption of light
  • Light energy to chemical energy
  • Carbon dioxide to carbohydrates
  • Oxygen released

4. Autotrophic Nutrition

Mnemonic: "CARB"

  • Carbon dioxide + Absorption of sunlight
  • Reaction in chlorophyll
  • Building carbohydrates

5. Respiration

Mnemonic: "IORE"

Mnemonics: Life Processes | Science Class 10

  • Intake of oxygen
  • Oxidation of food
  • Removal of carbon dioxide
  • Energy release

6. Glycolysis

Mnemonic: "GLOW"

Mnemonics: Life Processes | Science Class 10

  • Glucose breaks down into Low (3-carbon) molecules (pyruvate)
  • Oxygen needed for further breakdown in mitochondria
  • Without oxygen, energy is released as ATP (powerhouse of the cell)

This mnemonic highlights the process of glycolysis, the role of mitochondria, and the production of ATP.

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FAQs on Mnemonics: Life Processes - Science Class 10

1. What are the 7 characteristics of life?
Ans. The 7 characteristics of life include: 1) Organization - living things are made of cells; 2) Metabolism - they undergo chemical processes for energy; 3) Homeostasis - they maintain stable internal conditions; 4) Growth and Development - they grow and develop over time; 5) Reproduction - they can reproduce to create offspring; 6) Response to Stimuli - they respond to environmental changes; 7) Adaptation through Evolution - they can evolve over generations to adapt to their environments.
2. What is heterotrophic nutrition?
Ans. Heterotrophic nutrition refers to the mode of nutrition where organisms obtain their food by consuming other organisms or organic matter. These organisms, known as heterotrophs, cannot produce their own food and include animals, fungi, and some bacteria. They rely on the consumption of plants, animals, or decomposed material to obtain nutrients and energy.
3. How does photosynthesis work?
Ans. Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose. It occurs mainly in the chloroplasts of plant cells, where chlorophyll captures sunlight. The process uses carbon dioxide and water, and through a series of reactions, produces glucose and oxygen as byproducts. The overall equation is: 6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy → C6H12O6 + 6O2.
4. What is autotrophic nutrition?
Ans. Autotrophic nutrition is the process by which organisms produce their own food from inorganic substances. Autotrophs, such as plants, algae, and some bacteria, use sunlight (in photosynthesis) or chemical reactions (in chemosynthesis) to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and other organic compounds. This type of nutrition is essential for sustaining life on Earth, as autotrophs form the basis of the food web.
5. What is glycolysis and why is it important?
Ans. Glycolysis is a metabolic pathway that breaks down glucose into pyruvate, producing a small amount of energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide). It occurs in the cytoplasm of cells and is the first step in both aerobic and anaerobic respiration. Glycolysis is important because it provides the necessary energy for cellular activities and sets the stage for further energy production in cellular respiration.
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