Mnemonics: Locomotion & Movement | Biology Class 11 - NEET PDF Download

1. Axial Skeleton (Total: 80 bones)

Mnemonic: "See Cool Faces, Ears, Happy Vertebrae Talking"

(i) Skull (Total: 29 bones)

Mnemonic: "PEST OF 6" ( Here 6 Signifes 6 types of Bones)

• P = Parietal (2)
• E = Ethmoid (1)
• S = Sphenoid (1)
• T = Temporal (2)
• O = Occipital (1)
• F = Frontal (1)

(b) Facial Bones (14 bones): Framework of the face.

Mnemonic: "Various men love Zomato & like Maggi, Pizza, Nachos"

• Various = Vomer (1)
• Men = Maxilla (2)
• Love = Lacrimal (2)
• Zomato = Zygomatic (2)
• Like = Lower Jaw (Mandible, 1)
• Maggi = Middle Nasal Concha (Inferior nasal concha, 2)
• Pizza = Palatine (2)
• Nachos = Nasal (2)

(c) Ear Ossicles (6 bones): Involved in hearing.

Mnemonic: "MIS" (repeat each for two ears)

• M = Malleus (2)
• I = Incus (2)
• S = Stapes (2)

(d) Hyoid Bone (1 bone): Supports the tongue.

Mnemonic: "Hyoid Holds"

H = Hyoid (1)

(ii) Vertebral Column (Total: 26 bones)

Mnemonic: "Clever Tom Loves Seeing Cats"

• Clever = Cervical (7)
• Tom = Thoracic (12)
• Loves = Lumbar (5)
• Seeing = Sacrum (1, fused)
• Cats = Coccyx (1, fused)

(iii) Thoracic Cage (Total: 25 bones)

Mnemonic: "Ribs Ringing Silently"

• Ribs Ringing = Ribs (24 bones: 12 pairs)
• Silently = Sternum (1 bone)

2. Appendicular Skeleton (Total: 126 bones)

(i)Upper Limbs (Total: 60 bones)

Mnemonic: "Hurry, Read Unique Comics, Maybe Plan"

• Hurry = Humerus (2)
• Read = Radius (2)
• Unique = Ulna (2)
• Comics= Carpals (16; 8 per wrist)
• Maybe = Metacarpals (10; 5 per hand)
• Plan = Phalanges (28; 14 per hand)

(ii) Lower Limbs (Total: 60 bones)

Mnemonic: "Feel Tall, Flex, Pat, Try Many Paths"

• Feet = Femur (2)
• Tall = Tibia (2)
• Flex = Fibula (2)
• Pat = Patella (2)
• Try = Tarsals (14; 7 per ankle)
• Many = Metatarsals (10; 5 per foot)
• Paths = Phalanges (28; 14 per foot)

(iii) Pectoral Girdle (Total: 4 bones)

Mnemonic: "Shoulders Clap"

• Shoulders = Scapula (2)
• Clap = Clavicle (2)

(iv) Pelvic Girdle (Total: 2 bones)

Mnemonic: "Hip’s Part"

H = Hip bones (2; each formed by the fusion of the ilium, ischium, and pubis)

3. Types of Joints

Mnemonic: "Fibers Can't Stretch, But Hands Prefer Gliding Smoothly"

(i) Fibres= Fibrous Joints: No movement.

• Example: Cranium (Skull sutures).

(ii) Can't = Cartilaginous Joints: Limited movement.

• Example: Spine (Between vertebrae).

(iii) Stretch = Synovial Joints: Free movement.

• But = Ball and Socket: Shoulder (Humerus and pectoral girdle).
• Hands= Hinge: Knee.
• Prefer = Pivot: Neck (between atlas and axis).
• Gliding = Gliding: Wrist (between carpals).
• Smooth = Saddle: Thumb (between carpal and metacarpal).