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Mock Test Paper - 2 (Anthropology Optional Paper- I): Questions | Anthropology Optional for UPSC PDF Download

Time Allowed: Three Hours
Maximum Marks: 250

Instructions:

  1. There are EIGHT questions divided into two Sections (A and B).

  2. Candidate has to attempt FIVE questions in all.

  3. Question Nos. 1 and 5 are compulsory. Out of the remaining, THREE are to be attempted choosing at least ONE question from each Section.

  4. The number of marks carried by a question/part is indicated against it.

  5. Answers must be written in the medium authorized in the Admission Certificate, clearly stated on the cover of the Question-cum-Answer (QCA) Booklet.

  6. Word limits in questions (10 marks: 150–170 words; 15 marks: 200–250 words; 20 marks: 300–350 words) must be adhered to.

  7. Attempts of questions shall be counted in sequential order. Unless struck off, an attempt will be counted even if partly answered. Blank pages in the QCA Booklet must be clearly struck off.


Section-A

Q1. Write notes on the following in about 150 words each: (10 × 5 = 50)
(a) Anthropological approaches to studying urbanization in tribal societies
(b) Cultural significance of the Harappan civilization (PYQ: Prehistoric significance of Rakhigarhi)
(c) Epigenetics and human adaptation
(d) Role of folklore in cultural identity formation
(e) Bioarchaeological methods in reconstructing past lifestyles

Q2. 
(a) Discuss the major hominid species discovered in East Africa, focusing on their skeletal adaptations and evolutionary significance. Describe the discovery and importance of the “Lucy” fossil. (20 marks)
(b) Examine the impact of climate change on Paleolithic societies in India, with reference to archaeological evidence. (15 marks)
(c) Elucidate the concept of nutritional anthropology and its relevance in addressing modern health challenges. Provide examples from 2024–2025. (15 marks)

Q3. 
(a) What is the process of cultural evolution? Discuss the stages of cultural evolution with suitable examples and illustrations. Suggest a diagram to illustrate the stages. (20 marks)
(b) Differentiate between structural-functional and conflict approaches to studying social institutions. (15 marks)
(c) Discuss various methods of personal identification based on skeletal remains. (PYQ) (15 marks)

Q4. 
(a) Critically evaluate the role of customary laws in promoting sustainable resource management in indigenous communities, with examples from 2024–2025. (20 marks)
(b) Discuss the mixed-longitudinal method of studying human growth, highlighting its merits and demerits. (PYQ) (15 marks)
(c) Describe the typo-technological features of Neolithic tools in India, with reference to major sites. (15 marks)

Section-B

Q5. Write notes on the following in about 150 words each: (10 × 5 = 50)
(a) Genetic drift and its implications for small populations
(b) Anthropological perspectives on digital cultures
(c) Menopause and its socio-cultural implications (PYQ: Menopausal symptoms)
(d) Role of ethnographic museums in cultural preservation
(e) Concept of cultural relativism in anthropological research

Q6. 
(a) Critically examine the impact of globalization on the social structures of indigenous communities in India, with examples from 2024–2025. (20 marks)
(b) Discuss the applications of forensic anthropology in modern criminal investigations. (15 marks)
(c) Describe the role of qualitative data analysis in anthropological research, highlighting popular software tools. (15 marks)

Q7. 
(a) Discuss the contributions of Ruth Benedict to the study of culture and personality, with a critical assessment of her methodology. (20 marks)
(b) Explain the concept of genetic equilibrium and its significance in population genetics. (15 marks)
(c) Examine the typo-technological features of Mesolithic tools in India, with reference to major sites. (15 marks)

Q8. 
(a) Critically discuss the relevance of kinship studies in understanding modern family structures, with examples from 2024–2025. (20 marks)
(b) Describe the causes of chromosomal abnormalities, with suitable examples. (15 marks)
(c) Discuss the impact of tourism on the cultural heritage of indigenous communities, with examples from 2024–2025. (15 marks)**

The document Mock Test Paper - 2 (Anthropology Optional Paper- I): Questions | Anthropology Optional for UPSC is a part of the UPSC Course Anthropology Optional for UPSC.
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FAQs on Mock Test Paper - 2 (Anthropology Optional Paper- I): Questions - Anthropology Optional for UPSC

1. What are the key areas of study in Anthropology for UPSC preparation?
Ans. The key areas of study in Anthropology for UPSC preparation include cultural anthropology, physical anthropology, archaeology, and linguistic anthropology. Candidates should focus on understanding human evolution, cultural practices, social structures, and the development of languages. It is also important to study the significant theories and contributions of various anthropologists.
2. How can one effectively prepare for the Anthropology Optional Paper in UPSC?
Ans. Effective preparation for the Anthropology Optional Paper involves a structured study plan. Candidates should start by thoroughly understanding the syllabus, followed by selecting the right study materials, including standard textbooks and journals. Regular revision, practicing previous years' question papers, and joining study groups can also enhance preparation. It is advisable to make concise notes for quick revision.
3. What are some of the common topics covered in Anthropology Optional Paper I?
Ans. Common topics covered in Anthropology Optional Paper I include the scope and methods of anthropology, the concept of culture, kinship and marriage, social stratification, and the evolution of human beings. Additionally, students might encounter questions related to the application of anthropological concepts in contemporary issues.
4. How important is the understanding of Indian Anthropology for UPSC candidates?
Ans. Understanding Indian Anthropology is crucial for UPSC candidates as it provides insights into the diverse cultural practices, social systems, and tribal communities of India. It helps candidates contextualize anthropological theories within the Indian framework and is often reflected in examination questions. Candidates should focus on the contributions of Indian anthropologists and significant ethnographic studies.
5. What strategies can be used to improve answer writing skills for Anthropology in UPSC exams?
Ans. To improve answer writing skills for Anthropology in UPSC exams, candidates should practice writing answers within a specified time limit. Structuring answers with clear introductions, concise body paragraphs, and strong conclusions is essential. Using diagrams and flowcharts where applicable can enhance clarity. Regular feedback from mentors or peers can also help in refining writing skills.
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