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How the State Government Works Summary Class 7 Civics Chapter 3

MLAs

  • Every state in India has a Legislative Assembly.
  • Each state is divided into different areas or constituencies.
  • From each constituency, the people elect one representative who then becomes a Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA).
    • These MLAs belong to different political parties.
  • A political party whose MLAs have won more than half the number of constituencies in a state can be said to be in a majority. 
  • The political party that has the majority is called the ruling party, and all other members are called the opposition.
  • After the elections, the MLAs belonging to the ruling party will elect their leader, who will become the chief minister.
  • The chief minister then selects other people as ministers.

A debate in the Legislative Assembly

  • The Legislative Assembly is a building situated in the capital of the state where all the MLAs from ruling and opposition parties meet to discuss and debate issues.
  • During debate time in the assembly, MLAs can express their opinions and ask questions related to the issue or give suggestions about what should be done by the government. 
  • Those who wish to respond can do so. 
  • The minister then replies to the questions and tries to assure the Assembly that adequate steps are being taken.
  • The chief minister and other ministers have to make decisions and run the government.
  • Whatever decisions are being taken have to be approved by the members of the legislative assembly.
  • All the MLAs who gather together in the legislative assembly are called the Legislature.

Working of the government

  • There are various newspapers, TV channels, and other organisations that regularly talk about the government. 
  • In a democracy, there are various ways through which people express their views and also take action.
  • There are various departments, such as the Education Department, the Public Works Department, the Health Department, etc., headed by their respective ministers.
  • The chief minister and the ministers take action through these departments.
  • Whatever work is done by these departments has to be approved by the members of the legislative assembly.
The document How the State Government Works Summary Class 7 Civics Chapter 3 is a part of the Class 7 Course Social Studies (SST) Class 7.
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FAQs on How the State Government Works Summary Class 7 Civics Chapter 3

1. How does the state government work?
Ans. The state government is responsible for governing a particular state or territory within a country. It works by implementing laws, maintaining law and order, providing basic services like education, healthcare, infrastructure, and managing the state's finances. The state government consists of a governor, chief minister, ministers, and various departments that work together to ensure the smooth functioning of the state.
2. What is the role of the governor in the state government?
Ans. The governor is the constitutional head of the state government. Their role includes appointing the chief minister, approving laws passed by the state legislature, giving assent to bills, and representing the state in matters related to the central government. The governor acts as a link between the state government and the central government and plays a crucial role in maintaining the federal structure of the country.
3. How is the chief minister appointed in the state government?
Ans. The chief minister is appointed by the governor based on the majority support of the elected members of the legislative assembly (MLAs) in the state. After the state elections, the political party or coalition that has the majority seats in the assembly chooses its leader, who becomes the chief minister. The governor then appoints the chosen leader as the chief minister, who is responsible for leading the state government and implementing its policies.
4. What are the functions of state government departments?
Ans. State government departments are responsible for various functions such as education, healthcare, agriculture, finance, transport, and more. These departments work towards providing essential services to the citizens of the state. For example, the education department oversees the functioning of schools and colleges, the healthcare department ensures the availability of medical facilities, and the finance department manages the state's budget and taxation.
5. How does the state government manage its finances?
Ans. The state government manages its finances through revenue generation and budget allocation. It collects revenue through various sources such as taxes, fees, and grants from the central government. The state government then allocates these funds to different departments and schemes based on their priorities. The finance department plays a crucial role in managing the state's finances, preparing the budget, and ensuring proper utilization of funds.
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