NEET Exam Classwise Biology Syllabus 2025 PDF Download

Securing a good rank in the NEET examination requires a deep knowledge of the topics from the Botany and Zoology syllabus of classes 11 and 12. Learning the definitions and terminology related to Biology is essential, and regular practice is required to gain success. The syllabus for the NEET exam largely follows the concepts taught in the NCERT Biology textbooks, and hence thorough revision of the textbooks for class 11 and class 12 is crucial for candidates aspiring to do well in the NEET UG Exam 2023.

NEET Class-wise Biology Syllabus: Key Highlights

In this EduRev document, we will see the Biology class-wise syllabus in detail.The table below outlines the five units of Biology Class 11 and Biology Class 12, along with the chapters that each unit covers.

Detailed Class-wise NEET Biology Syllabus

Biology Class 11 Syllabus

The NEET Biology syllabus includes both Zoology and Botany, making it more important since it is so extensive and comprises the major portion in NEET Exam (100 questions out of 200 in which 10 questions are optional). Given below is the detailed syllabus covered in the NEET Biology syllabus.

Unit 1: Diversity in Living World 

Chapter 1: The Living World

• What is living?; Biodiversity; Need for classification; Three domains of life; Taxonomy & Systematics; Concept of species and taxonomical hierarchy; Binomial nomenclature; Tools for study of Taxonomy – Museums, Zoos, Herbaria, Botanical gardens

Chapter 2: Biological Classification

• Five kingdom classification; salient features and classification of Monera; Protista and Fungi into major groups; Lichens; Viruses and Viroids

Chapter 3: Plant Kingdom

• Salient features and classification of plants into major groups-Algae, Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms and Angiosperms (three to five salient and distinguishing features and at least two examples of each category); Angiosperms classification up to class, characteristic features and examples)

Chapter 4: Animal Kingdom

• Salient features and classification of animals-nonchordate up to phyla level and chordate up to class  level (three to five salient features and at least two examples)

Unit 2: Structural Organization in Plants and Animals 

Chapter 5: Morphology of Flowering Plants

• Morphology and modifications; Tissues

Chapter 6: Anatomy of Flowering Plants

• Anatomy and functions of different parts of flowering plants: Root, stem, leaf, inflorescence- cymose and recemose, flower, fruit and seed (To be dealt along with the relevant practical of the Practical Syllabus)

Chapter 7: Structural Organisation in Animals

• Animal tissues; Morphology, anatomy and functions of different systems (digestive, circulatory, respiratory, nervous and reproductive) of an insect (cockroach). (Brief account only)

Unit 3: Cell Structure and Function 

Chapter 8: Cell-The Unit of Life

• Cell theory and cell as the basic unit of life; Structure of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell; Plant cell and animal cell; Cell envelope, cell membrane, cell wall; Cell organelles-structure and function; Endomembrane system-endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies, lysosomes, vacuoles; mitochondria, ribosomes, plastids, micro bodies; Cytoskeleton, cilia, flagella, centrioles (ultra structure and function); Nucleus-nuclear membrane, chromatin, nucleolus

Chapter 9: Biomolecules

• Chemical constituents of living cells: Biomolecules-structure and function of proteins, carbodydrates, lipids, nucleic acids; Enzymes-types, properties, enzyme action

Chapter 10: Cell Cycle and Cell Division

• Cell cycle, mitosis, meiosis and their significance

Unit 4: Plant Physiology 

Chapter 11: Transport in Plants 

• Movement of water, gases and nutrients; Cell to cell transport-Diffusion, facilitated diffusion, active transport; Plant – water relations – Imbibition, water potential, osmosis, plasmolysis; Long distance transport of water – Absorption, apoplast, symplast, transpiration pull, root pressure and guttation; Transpiration-Opening and closing of stomata; Uptake and translocation of mineral nutrients-Transport of food, phloem transport, Mass flow hypothesis; Diffusion of gases (brief mention)

Chapter 12: Mineral Nutrition 

• Essential minerals, macro and micronutrients and their role; Deficiency symptoms; Mineral toxicity; Elementary idea of Hydroponics as a method to study mineral nutrition; Nitrogen metabolism-Nitrogen cycle, biological nitrogen fixation

Chapter 13: Photosynthesis in Higher Plants

• Photosynthesis as a means of Autotrophic nutrition; Site of photosynthesis take place; pigments involved in Photosynthesis (Elementary idea); Photochemical and biosynthetic phases of photosynthesis; Cyclic and non cyclic and photophosphorylation; Chemiosmotic hypothesis; Photorespiration C3 and C4 pathways; Factors affecting photosynthesis

Chapter 14: Respiration in Plants

• Exchange gases; Cellular respiration-glycolysis, fermentation (anaerobic), TCA cycle and electron transport system (aerobic); Energy relations- Number of ATP molecules generated; Amphibolic pathways; Respiratory quotient

Chapter 15: Plant - Growth and Development

• Seed germination; Phases of Plant growth and plant growth rate; Conditions of growth; Differentiation, dedifferentiation and redifferentiation; Sequence of developmental process in a plant cell; Growth regulators-auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin, ethylene, ABA; Seed dormancy; Vernalisation; Photoperiodism

Unit 5: Human Physiology 

Chapter 16: Digestion and Absorption

• Alimentary canal and digestive glands; Role of digestive enzymes and gastrointestinal hormones; Peristalsis, digestion, absorption and assimilation of proteins, carbohydrates and fats; Caloric value of proteins, carbohydrates and fats; Egestion; Nutritional and digestive disorders – PEM, indigestion, constipation, vomiting, jaundice, diarrhea

Chapter 17: Breathing and Exchange of Gases

• Respiratory organs in animals (recall only); Respiratory system in humans; Mechanism of breathing and its regulation in humans-Exchange of gases, transport of gases and regulation of respiration Respiratory volumes; Disorders related to respiration-Asthma, Emphysema, Occupational respiratory disorders

Chapter 18: Body Fluids and Circulation

• Composition of blood, blood groups, coagulation of blood; Composition of lymph and its function; Human circulatory system-Structure of human heart and blood vessels; Cardiac cycle, cardiac output, ECG, Double circulation; Regulation of cardiac activity; Disorders of circulatory system-Hypertension, Coronary artery disease, Angina pectoris, Heart failure

Chapter 19: Excretory Products and Their Elimination

• Modes of excretion- Ammonotelism, ureotelism, uricotelism; Human excretory system-structure and function; Urine formation, Osmoregulation; Regulation of kidney function-Renin-angiotensin, Atrial Natriuretic Factor, ADH and Diabetes insipidus; Role of other organs in excretion; Disorders; Uraemia, Renal failure, Renal calculi, Nephritis; Dialysis and artificial kidney

Chapter 20: Locomotion and Movement

• Types of movement- ciliary, fiagellar, muscular; Skeletal muscle-contractile proteins and muscle contraction; Skeletal system and its functions (To be dealt with the relevant practical of Practical syllabus); Joints; Disorders of muscular and skeletal system. Myasthenia gravis, Tetany, Muscular dystrophy, Arthritis, Osteoporosis, Gout

Chapter 21: Neural Control and Coordination

• Neuron and nerves; Nervous system in humans, central nervous system, peripheral nervous system and visceral nervous system; Generation and conduction of nerve impulse; Reflex action; Sense organs; Elementary structure and function of eye and ear

Chapter 22: Chemical Coordination and Integration

• Endocrine glands and hormones; Human endocrine systemHypothalamus, Pituitary, Pineal, Thyroid, Parathyroid, Adrenal, Pancreas, Gonads; Mechanism of hormone action (Elementary Idea); Role of hormones as messengers and regulators, Hypo-and hyperactivity and related disorders (Common disorders e.g. Dwarfism, Acromegaly, Cretinism, goiter, exopthalmic goiter, diabetes, Addison’s disease)

Biology Class 12 Syllabus

Unit 1 : Reproduction

Chapter 1: Reproduction in Organisms

• Reproduction, a characteristic feature of all organisms for continuation of species; Modes of reproduction – Asexual and sexual; Asexual reproduction; Modes-Binary fission, sporulation, budding, gemmule, fragmentation; vegetative propagation in plants

Chapter 2: Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants

• Flower structure; Development of male and female gametophytes; Pollination-types, agencies and examples; Outbreeding devices; Pollen-Pistil interaction; Double fertilization; Post fertilization events- Development of endosperm and embryo, Development of seed and formation of fruit; Special modes-apomixis, parthenocarpy, polyembryony; Significance of seed and fruit formation

Chapter 3: Human Reproduction

• Male and female reproductive systems; Microscopic anatomy of testis and ovary; Gametogenesis-spermatogenesis & oogenesis; Menstrual cycle; Fertilisation, embryo development upto blastocyst formation, implantation; Pregnancy and placenta formation (Elementary idea); Parturition (Elementary idea); Lactation (Elementary idea)

Chapter 4: Reproductive Health

• Need for reproductive health and prevention of sexually transmitted diseases (STD); Birth control-Need and Methods, Contraception and Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP); Amniocentesis; Infertility and assisted reproductive technologies – IVF, ZIFT, GIFT (Elementary idea for general awareness)

Unit 2 : Genetics and Evolution

Chapter 5: Principles of Inheritance and Variation

• Mendelian Inheritance; Deviations from Mendelism- Incomplete dominance, Co-dominance, Multiple alleles and Inheritance of blood groups, Pleiotropy; Elementary idea of polygenic inheritance; Chromosome theory of inheritance; Chromosomes and genes; Sex determination-In humans, birds, honey bee; Linkage and crossing over; Sex linked inheritance-Haemophilia, Colour blindness; Mendelian disorders in humans-Thalassemia; Chromosomal disorders in humans; Down’s syndrome, Turner’s and Klinefelter’s syndromes

Chapter 6: Molecular Basis of Inheritance

• Search for genetic material and DNA as genetic material; Structure of DNA and RNA; DNA packaging; DNA replication; Central dogma; Transcription, genetic code, translation; Gene expression and regulation- Lac Operon; Genome and human genome project; DNA fingerprinting

Chapter 7: Evolution

• Origin of life; Biological evolution and evidences for biological evolution from Paleontology, comparative anatomy, embryology and molecular evidence); Darwin’s contribution, Modern Synthetic theory of Evolution; Mechanism of evolution-Variation (Mutation and Recombination) and Natural Selection with examples, types of natural selection; Gene flow and genetic drift; Hardy-Weinberg’s principle; Adaptive Radiation; Human evolution
  

Unit 3 : Biology and Human Welfare

Chapter 8: Human Health and Diseases

• Pathogens; parasites causing human diseases (Malaria, Filariasis, Ascariasis. Typhoid, Pneumonia, common cold, amoebiasis, ringworm); Basic concepts of immunology-vaccines; Cancer, HIV and AIDS; Adolescence, drug and alcohol abuse

Chapter 9: Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production

• Improvement in food production; Plant breeding, tissue culture, single cell protein, Biofortification; Apiculture and Animal husbandry

Chapter 10: Microbes in Human Welfare

• In household food processing, industrial production, sewage treatment, energy generation and as biocontrol agents and biofertilizers

Unit 4 : Biotechnology and Its Applications

Chapter 11: Biotechnology - Principles and Processes

• Genetic engineering (Recombinant DNA technology)

Chapter 12: Biotechnology and its Application

• Application of Biotechnology in health and agriculture: Human insulin and vaccine production, gene therapy; Genetically modified organisms-Bt crops; Transgenic Animals; Biosafety issues – Biopiracy and patents

Unit 5 : Ecology and Environment

Chapter 13: Organisms and Populations

• Habitat and niche; Population and ecological adaptations; Population interactions-mutualism, competition, predation, parasitism; Population attributes-growth, birth rate and death rate, age distribution

Chapter 14: Ecosystem

• Patterns, components; productivity and decomposition; Energy flow; Pyramids of number, biomass, energy; Nutrient cycling (carbon and phosphorous); Ecological succession; Ecological Services-Carbon fixation, pollination, oxygen release

Chapter 15: Biodiversity and its Conservation

• Concept of Biodiversity; Patterns of Biodiversity; Importance of Biodiversity; Loss of Biodiversity; Biodiversity conservation; Hotspots, endangered organisms, extinction, Red Data Book, biosphere reserves, National parks and sanctuaries
  

Chapter 16: Environmental Issues

• Air pollution and its control; Water pollution and its control; Agrochemicals and their effects; Solid waste management; Radioactive waste management; Greenhouse effect and global warming; Ozone depletion; Deforestation; Any three case studies as success stories addressing environmental issues

NEET Biology 2023 Chapter-wise Weightage

NEET Exam Pattern

The syllabus for the NEET exam has remained consistent over time, but there have been changes to the exam's structure in the last two years. Before delving into the specifics of the NEET UG syllabus for 2023, let's examine the exam pattern in detail. Each subject has two sections: Section A contains 35 questions, while Section B has 15 questions. Candidates are free to attempt any 10 questions out of the 15 in Section B. Consequently, the total number of questions has remained the same. The exam's duration has been extended by 20 minutes, and the overall duration is now 200 minutes or 3 hours and 20 minutes. The table below will assist candidates in gaining a better understanding.

NEET Preparation 2023 Related Links

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) related to NEET Class-wise NEET Biology Syllabus

What is the change in syllabus of NEET 2023? 

The syllabus for NEET 2023 remains the same as the previous years, with no major changes. 

Who can take the NEET 2023 exam? 

All candidates must be at least 17 years old as of December 31, 2023 in order to be eligible for the NEET undergraduate exam. There is no upper age limit for taking the NEET exam. 

Will NEET 2023 be held in May 2023? 

The NEET-UG 2023 exam is scheduled to take place on 7th May 2023. 

How many chapters are included in the NEET syllabus for 2023? 

The syllabus for NEET 2023 consists of 98 chapters covering Physics, Chemistry, Botany and Zoology. 

What is the total number of marks available in the NEET exam?

The NEET exam consists of 180 questions to be answered out of 200 questions, with a total of 720 marks.

How can I prepare for NEET 2023?

A candidate can keep in mind below topics to prepare for NEET 2023 exam :-

• Become familiar with the NEET Exam pattern 2023 by utilising sample papers from past exams. 
• Make sure to have a digital or printed version of the syllabus, question papers and other relevant documents easily accessible for preparation. 
• Construct a suitable plan to guide your study. 
• Draft comprehensive notes to regularly refer back to. 
• Focus on obtaining a strong understanding of the material. 
• Take mock tests to become comfortable with the examination layout. 
• Set achievable goals on a daily basis and meet them. Eventually you will develop the ability to study for long periods with more concentration. 
• Complete as many questions as possible each day to map your progress and obtain good results in NEET 2023. 
• Practice extensively to boost your levels of speed and accuracy.

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Why is it important to be familiar with this syllabus?

It is essential to be familiar with the syllabus for NEET 2023 before beginning your preparation in order to ensure you understand the topics well. The following points reflects the importance of knowing the syllabus :- 

• It will provide a comprehensive understanding of the topics that will be tested in NEET 2023. 
• You will become aware of the essential topics that should be given priority while studying, in order to acquire a high score. 
• This will help you comprehend the amount of hard work and commitment that needs to be invested in order to excel in the exam. 
• This will enable you to form an effective approach towards the preparation. 
• It will also inform you of the topics that can be neglected, so that you can concentrate on the most important ones.

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