The Living world 1 - From Past 28 Years Questions NEET Notes (2016-2024) | EduRev

2023

Q1: 'X' and 'Y' are the components of Binomial nomenclature. This naming system was proposed by 'Z':
(a)  X - Generic name, Y - Specific epithet, Z - Carolus Linnaeus
(b) X - Specific epithet, Y - Generic name, Z - R.H. Whittaker
(c) X - Specific epithet, Y - Generic name, Z - Carolus Linnaeus
(d) X - Generic name, Y - Specific epithet, Z - R.H. Whittaker
Ans: (a)
In the binomial nomenclature system proposed by Carolus Linnaeus, 'X' is the generic name, and 'Y' is the specific epithet, which together uniquely identify a species.

Q2: House fly belongs to _______ family.
(a) Cyprinidae
(b) Hominidae
(c) Calliphoridae
(d) Muscidae
Ans: (d)
The house fly belongs to the Muscidae family, which is characterized by flies typically associated with humans and human habitations.

2022

Q1: In the taxonomic categories which hierarchical arrangement in ascending order is correct in the case of animals?            [NEET 2022]
(a) Kingdom, Class, Phylum, Family, Order, Genus, Species 
(b) Kingdom, Order, Class, Phylum, Family, Genus, Species 
(c) Kingdom, Order, Phylum, Class, Family, Genus, Species 
(d) Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species 
Ans: (d)
None of the options are matching with the language of the question.
The correct ascending order of taxonomic categories in case of animals is:
species → genus → family → order → class → phylum→kingdom  

2021

Q1: Which one of the following belongs to the family Muscidae?  [NEET 2021]
(a) Cockroach
(b) House fly 
(c) Firefly 
(d) Grasshopper
Ans: (b)

• Option (b) is correct because housefly belongs to the family Muscidae, class Insecta and phylum Arthropoda.
• Fire flies are placed in family Lampyridae of class Insecta.
• Grasshopper is also an insect placed in family Acrididae.
• Cockroach is also an insect placed in family Blattidae.

2019

Q1: Select the correctly written scientific name of Mango, which was first described by Carolus Linnaeus.     [NEET 2019]
(a) Mangifera Indica
(b) Mangifera Indica Car. Linn
(c) Mangifera indica Linn
(d) None
Ans: (c)

• According to Binomial Nomenclature, the first word denoting the genus starts with a capital letter while the specific epithet starts with a small letter
  Example: Scientific name of mango is Mangifera indica.
• The author's name appears after the specific epithet, i.e., at the end of the biological name, and is written in an abbreviated form.
  Example: Mangifera indica Linn. which indicates this species was first described by Linnaeus.

Q3: Which of the following is against the rules of ICBN?     [NEET 2019]
(a) Handwritten scientific names should be underlined.
(b) Every species should have a generic name and a specific epithet.
(c) Scientific names are in Latin and should be italicized when printed.
(d) Generic and specific names should be written starting with small letters.
Ans: (d)
According to the international code for botanical nomenclature (ICBN), the first word denoting the genus starts with a capital letter while the specific epithet starts with a small letter.

Option a,b and c are considered under the rules of ICBN.

Q4: The contrasting characteristics generally in a pair used for identification of animals in Taxonomic key are referred to as:   [ NEET 2019]
(a) Lead
(b) Couplet
(c) Doublet
(d) Alternate
Ans: (b)
Key is a taxonomical aid used for identification of plants and animals based on the similarities and dissimilarities. The keys are based on the contrasting characters generally in a pair called couplet.
Hence, the correct option is B

2018

Q1: Match the items given in Column I with those in column II and select the correct option given below.     [NEET 2018]

(a) a→iii, b→iv, c→i, d→ii 

(b) a→i, b→iv, c→iii, d→ii 

(c) a→ii, b→iv, c→iii, d→i 

(d) a→iii, b→ii, c→i, d→iv

Ans: (a)

• Herbarium : It is defined as "store house of collected plant speccimens that are dried, pressed and preserved on sheets". Label on herbarium sheets convey following information, such as date and place of collection, botanical, local and english names, family and collector’s name.
• Key : A key is an artificial analytical device, consisting of set of alternate characters of various plants and animals and is used for identificion purposes.
• Museum : museum is aplaxe used for storing, preservation and exhibition of both plants and animals. All educational institutes and universities maintain museums in their Botany and Zoology departments.
• Catalogue: It is a list or register that indicates the alphabetical arrangement of species of a particular place, often with brief description aiding identification.

2016

Q1: The label of a herbarium sheet does not carry information on    [NEET 2016]
(a) Date of collection
(b) Name of collector
(c) Local names
(d) Height of the plant
Ans: (d)
A herbarium is a collection of plants, which have been dried, pressed, mounted on herbarium sheets, identified and classified according to some approved system of classification. The storage of herbarium sheets forms a repository for future use. A printed label (7 x 12 cm) giving the following information is fixed on the lower, right corner of herbarium sheet:
(i) Scientific name of plant
(ii) Common/vernacular name 
(iii) Family 
(iv) Locality 
(v) Date of collection 
(vi) Collection number 
(vii) Name of collector 
(viii) Plant characteristics (optional) 
(ix) Name of institution (optional). 

Q4:  Nomenclature is governed by certain universal rules. Which one of the following is contrary to the rules of nomenclature?     [NEET 2016]
(a) Biological names can be written in any language.
(b) The first word in a biological name represents the genus name, and the second is a specific epithet.
(c) The names are written in Latin and are italicized when printed.
(d) When written by hand, the names are to be underlined.
Ans: (a)
Binomial nomenclature is a formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts, both of which use Latin grammatical forms, although they can be based on words from other languages.