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Nomenclature of Alcohol, Phenol, Ether Video Lecture | Chemistry Class 12 - NEET

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FAQs on Nomenclature of Alcohol, Phenol, Ether Video Lecture - Chemistry Class 12 - NEET

1. What is the IUPAC nomenclature for alcohols?
Ans. The IUPAC nomenclature for alcohols is based on the longest carbon chain containing the hydroxyl (-OH) group. The chain is numbered to give the hydroxyl group the lowest possible number. The name is derived from the name of the longest chain, with the suffix "-ol" added to indicate the presence of an alcohol. For example, the alcohol with the formula CH₃CH₂OH is named ethanol.
2. How are phenols named in IUPAC nomenclature?
Ans. In IUPAC nomenclature, phenols are named by identifying the benzene ring and substituting one of the hydrogen atoms with a hydroxyl (-OH) group. The carbon to which the hydroxyl group is attached is given the lowest number possible. If there are substituents on the benzene ring, their positions are indicated by numbers, and the compound is named as a substituted phenol. For example, 2-methylphenol indicates a methyl group on the second carbon of the phenol ring.
3. What is the naming convention for ethers in IUPAC nomenclature?
Ans. Ethers are named in IUPAC nomenclature by identifying the two alkyl or aryl groups attached to the oxygen atom. The names of the groups are listed in alphabetical order, followed by the word "ether." If the ether is symmetrical, the prefix "di-" is used. For example, CH₃OCH₂CH₃ is named ethyl methyl ether.
4. What factors influence the naming of alcohols, phenols, and ethers?
Ans. The naming of alcohols, phenols, and ethers is influenced by the number of carbon atoms in the longest chain, the presence and position of functional groups (like -OH), and the overall structure of the compound. The priority of functional groups also plays a role; for example, in a compound with both an alcohol and a ketone, the alcohol will take precedence in naming.
5. Can you provide examples of common alcohols, phenols, and ethers?
Ans. Yes, common examples include: - Alcohols: Methanol (CH₃OH) and Ethanol (C₂H₅OH). - Phenols: Phenol (C₆H₅OH) and Cresol (methylphenol). - Ethers: Dimethyl ether (CH₃OCH₃) and Ethyl ether (C₂H₅OC₂H₅).
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