North India - Political | Geography for UPSC CSE PDF Download

 Page 1


North India - Political
North India
Introduction
The Northern part of India is known for its rich topographical diversity, historical
monuments, distinct cultures, wildlife parks and sanctuaries, holy temples, and
rivers. With its diverse climatic conditions, this region attracts a large number of
tourists. Northern India shares its borders with countries like Pakistan, China,
Nepal, and Bhutan. The North Indian states are popular tourist destinations,
drawing travelers from all over the country. Some of the prominent places include
Shimla, Nainital, Dharamshala, and Dehradun, which are sought after during the
summer months to escape the heat.
North Indian States and Union Territories
The North Indian region consists of six states and four Union Territories. Let's take
a closer look at each of them:
1. Delhi
Delhi, officially known as the National Capital Territory of Delhi, is a Union
Territory situated in the northern part of India. It is the second-largest city in
terms of population and the largest metropolitan city by area in India. The city is
governed by Lieutenant Governor Vinai Kumar Saxena and Chief Minister Arvind
Kejriwal.
Page 2


North India - Political
North India
Introduction
The Northern part of India is known for its rich topographical diversity, historical
monuments, distinct cultures, wildlife parks and sanctuaries, holy temples, and
rivers. With its diverse climatic conditions, this region attracts a large number of
tourists. Northern India shares its borders with countries like Pakistan, China,
Nepal, and Bhutan. The North Indian states are popular tourist destinations,
drawing travelers from all over the country. Some of the prominent places include
Shimla, Nainital, Dharamshala, and Dehradun, which are sought after during the
summer months to escape the heat.
North Indian States and Union Territories
The North Indian region consists of six states and four Union Territories. Let's take
a closer look at each of them:
1. Delhi
Delhi, officially known as the National Capital Territory of Delhi, is a Union
Territory situated in the northern part of India. It is the second-largest city in
terms of population and the largest metropolitan city by area in India. The city is
governed by Lieutenant Governor Vinai Kumar Saxena and Chief Minister Arvind
Kejriwal.
North India - Political
Demographics of Delhi
· Country: India
· Territory: Delhi
· Area: 1,483 km
2
· Official Languages: English, Hindi, Punjabi, Urdu
· Population: n o i l l i M 0 5 . 6 2 
· Coordinates: 28°36'36"N 77°13'48"E
· Time Zone: IST (UTC+5:30)
· Literacy Rate: % 1 2 . 6 8 
2. Haryana
Haryana is a state located in North India. It shares its borders with Punjab and
Himachal Pradesh in the north, Rajasthan in the west and south, and Uttarakhand
and Uttar Pradesh in the east. Haryana is also surrounded by Delhi on its
northern, western, and southern borders, making it a part of the National Capital
Region. The state is currently governed by Chief Minister Manohar Lal of the
Bharatiya Janata Party.
Demographics of Haryana
· Country: India
· Capital: Chandigarh
· Area: 44,212 km
2
· Official Languages: Haryanavi, Punjabi, English
· Population: 25,351,462
· Coordinates: 30.73°N 76.78°E
· Time Zone: IST (UTC+05:30)
· Literacy Rate: 75.55%
3. Himachal Pradesh
Himachal Pradesh is one of the most popular states in Northern India. It is known
for its breathtaking landscapes and snow-covered mountains. Himachal Pradesh
shares its borders with Jammu and Kashmir in the north, Haryana and Uttar
Pradesh in the south, Punjab in the west and south-west, and Uttarakhand in the
south-east. The state is currently governed by Chief Minister Jai Ram Thakur of
the Bharatiya Janata Party.
Page 3


North India - Political
North India
Introduction
The Northern part of India is known for its rich topographical diversity, historical
monuments, distinct cultures, wildlife parks and sanctuaries, holy temples, and
rivers. With its diverse climatic conditions, this region attracts a large number of
tourists. Northern India shares its borders with countries like Pakistan, China,
Nepal, and Bhutan. The North Indian states are popular tourist destinations,
drawing travelers from all over the country. Some of the prominent places include
Shimla, Nainital, Dharamshala, and Dehradun, which are sought after during the
summer months to escape the heat.
North Indian States and Union Territories
The North Indian region consists of six states and four Union Territories. Let's take
a closer look at each of them:
1. Delhi
Delhi, officially known as the National Capital Territory of Delhi, is a Union
Territory situated in the northern part of India. It is the second-largest city in
terms of population and the largest metropolitan city by area in India. The city is
governed by Lieutenant Governor Vinai Kumar Saxena and Chief Minister Arvind
Kejriwal.
North India - Political
Demographics of Delhi
· Country: India
· Territory: Delhi
· Area: 1,483 km
2
· Official Languages: English, Hindi, Punjabi, Urdu
· Population: n o i l l i M 0 5 . 6 2 
· Coordinates: 28°36'36"N 77°13'48"E
· Time Zone: IST (UTC+5:30)
· Literacy Rate: % 1 2 . 6 8 
2. Haryana
Haryana is a state located in North India. It shares its borders with Punjab and
Himachal Pradesh in the north, Rajasthan in the west and south, and Uttarakhand
and Uttar Pradesh in the east. Haryana is also surrounded by Delhi on its
northern, western, and southern borders, making it a part of the National Capital
Region. The state is currently governed by Chief Minister Manohar Lal of the
Bharatiya Janata Party.
Demographics of Haryana
· Country: India
· Capital: Chandigarh
· Area: 44,212 km
2
· Official Languages: Haryanavi, Punjabi, English
· Population: 25,351,462
· Coordinates: 30.73°N 76.78°E
· Time Zone: IST (UTC+05:30)
· Literacy Rate: 75.55%
3. Himachal Pradesh
Himachal Pradesh is one of the most popular states in Northern India. It is known
for its breathtaking landscapes and snow-covered mountains. Himachal Pradesh
shares its borders with Jammu and Kashmir in the north, Haryana and Uttar
Pradesh in the south, Punjab in the west and south-west, and Uttarakhand in the
south-east. The state is currently governed by Chief Minister Jai Ram Thakur of
the Bharatiya Janata Party.
North India - Political
Demographics of Himachal Pradesh
· Country: India
· Capital: Shimla
· Area: 55,673 km
2
· Official Languages: Hindi, Sanskrit
· Population: n o i l l i M 6 8 . 6 
· Coordinates: 31°6'12"N 77°10'20"E
· Time Zone: IST (UTC+05:30)
· Literacy Rate: 82.80%
4. Jammu and Kashmir
Jammu and Kashmir, situated in the northernmost part of India, is known for its
natural beauty and rich cultural heritage. Formerly a state, it was designated as a
union territory in 2019. Jammu and Kashmir are nestled in the Himalayan
Mountains and share borders with Himachal Pradesh and Punjab in the south,
and the People's Republic of China in the north and east. The union territory is
currently governed by Lieutenant Governor Shri Manoj Sinha.
Demographics of Jammu and Kashmir
· Country: India
· Capital: Jammu (winter), Srinagar (summer)
· Area: 222,236 km
2
· Official Languages: Urdu, Kashmiri, Dogri, Hindi, and English
· Population: ) d e t a m i t s e ( e r o r c 7 5 . 1 
· Coordinates: 33.45°N 76.24°E
· Time Zone: IST (UTC+05:30)
· Literacy Rate: 67.16%
5. Uttarakhand
Uttarakhand, formerly known as Uttaranchal, is a state located in northern India.
It was carved out of the north-western districts of Uttar Pradesh and the adjoining
Himalayan Ranges on November 9, 2000. Uttarakhand is often referred to as the
"Land of Gods" due to its numerous holy Hindu temples. The state shares its
borders with Nepal in the east, the Tibet Autonomous Region in the north, Uttar
Pradesh in the south, Haryana in the west, and Himachal Pradesh in the
Page 4


North India - Political
North India
Introduction
The Northern part of India is known for its rich topographical diversity, historical
monuments, distinct cultures, wildlife parks and sanctuaries, holy temples, and
rivers. With its diverse climatic conditions, this region attracts a large number of
tourists. Northern India shares its borders with countries like Pakistan, China,
Nepal, and Bhutan. The North Indian states are popular tourist destinations,
drawing travelers from all over the country. Some of the prominent places include
Shimla, Nainital, Dharamshala, and Dehradun, which are sought after during the
summer months to escape the heat.
North Indian States and Union Territories
The North Indian region consists of six states and four Union Territories. Let's take
a closer look at each of them:
1. Delhi
Delhi, officially known as the National Capital Territory of Delhi, is a Union
Territory situated in the northern part of India. It is the second-largest city in
terms of population and the largest metropolitan city by area in India. The city is
governed by Lieutenant Governor Vinai Kumar Saxena and Chief Minister Arvind
Kejriwal.
North India - Political
Demographics of Delhi
· Country: India
· Territory: Delhi
· Area: 1,483 km
2
· Official Languages: English, Hindi, Punjabi, Urdu
· Population: n o i l l i M 0 5 . 6 2 
· Coordinates: 28°36'36"N 77°13'48"E
· Time Zone: IST (UTC+5:30)
· Literacy Rate: % 1 2 . 6 8 
2. Haryana
Haryana is a state located in North India. It shares its borders with Punjab and
Himachal Pradesh in the north, Rajasthan in the west and south, and Uttarakhand
and Uttar Pradesh in the east. Haryana is also surrounded by Delhi on its
northern, western, and southern borders, making it a part of the National Capital
Region. The state is currently governed by Chief Minister Manohar Lal of the
Bharatiya Janata Party.
Demographics of Haryana
· Country: India
· Capital: Chandigarh
· Area: 44,212 km
2
· Official Languages: Haryanavi, Punjabi, English
· Population: 25,351,462
· Coordinates: 30.73°N 76.78°E
· Time Zone: IST (UTC+05:30)
· Literacy Rate: 75.55%
3. Himachal Pradesh
Himachal Pradesh is one of the most popular states in Northern India. It is known
for its breathtaking landscapes and snow-covered mountains. Himachal Pradesh
shares its borders with Jammu and Kashmir in the north, Haryana and Uttar
Pradesh in the south, Punjab in the west and south-west, and Uttarakhand in the
south-east. The state is currently governed by Chief Minister Jai Ram Thakur of
the Bharatiya Janata Party.
North India - Political
Demographics of Himachal Pradesh
· Country: India
· Capital: Shimla
· Area: 55,673 km
2
· Official Languages: Hindi, Sanskrit
· Population: n o i l l i M 6 8 . 6 
· Coordinates: 31°6'12"N 77°10'20"E
· Time Zone: IST (UTC+05:30)
· Literacy Rate: 82.80%
4. Jammu and Kashmir
Jammu and Kashmir, situated in the northernmost part of India, is known for its
natural beauty and rich cultural heritage. Formerly a state, it was designated as a
union territory in 2019. Jammu and Kashmir are nestled in the Himalayan
Mountains and share borders with Himachal Pradesh and Punjab in the south,
and the People's Republic of China in the north and east. The union territory is
currently governed by Lieutenant Governor Shri Manoj Sinha.
Demographics of Jammu and Kashmir
· Country: India
· Capital: Jammu (winter), Srinagar (summer)
· Area: 222,236 km
2
· Official Languages: Urdu, Kashmiri, Dogri, Hindi, and English
· Population: ) d e t a m i t s e ( e r o r c 7 5 . 1 
· Coordinates: 33.45°N 76.24°E
· Time Zone: IST (UTC+05:30)
· Literacy Rate: 67.16%
5. Uttarakhand
Uttarakhand, formerly known as Uttaranchal, is a state located in northern India.
It was carved out of the north-western districts of Uttar Pradesh and the adjoining
Himalayan Ranges on November 9, 2000. Uttarakhand is often referred to as the
"Land of Gods" due to its numerous holy Hindu temples. The state shares its
borders with Nepal in the east, the Tibet Autonomous Region in the north, Uttar
Pradesh in the south, Haryana in the west, and Himachal Pradesh in the
North India - Political
northwest. The current Chief Minister of Uttarakhand is Pushkar Singh Dhami
from the Bharatiya Janata Party.
Demographics of Uttarakhand
· Country: India
· Capital: Dehradun
· Area: 53,483 km
2
· Official Languages: Hindi, Sanskrit
· Population: 10,086,000
· Coordinates: 30.33°N 78.06°E
· Time Zone: IST (UTC+05:30)
· Literacy Rate: 78.80%
6. Punjab
Punjab, situated in the northwest part of India, is a vibrant state known for its
natural beauty. It shares its borders with Jammu and Kashmir in the north,
Himachal Pradesh in the east, Haryana in the south, and Pakistan in the west. The
capital of Punjab is Chandigarh, which is also the shared capital of Haryana. The
state is currently governed by Chief Minister Bhagwant Mann of the Aam Aadmi
Party.
Demographics of Punjab
· Country: India
· Capital: Chandigarh
· Area: 50,362 km
2
· Official Languages: Punjabi
· Population: 0 0 0 , 2 9 9 , 0 3 
· Coordinates: 30.79°N 76.78°E
· Time Zone: IST (UTC+05:30)
· Literacy Rate: 4 8 . 5 7 %
Conclusion
The North Indian states and Union Territories offer a wealth of cultural, historical,
and natural attractions. From the bustling streets of Delhi to the tranquil valleys
of Himachal Pradesh and the majestic landscapes of Jammu and Kashmir, this
region has something to offer every traveler. Whether you're seeking spiritual
Page 5


North India - Political
North India
Introduction
The Northern part of India is known for its rich topographical diversity, historical
monuments, distinct cultures, wildlife parks and sanctuaries, holy temples, and
rivers. With its diverse climatic conditions, this region attracts a large number of
tourists. Northern India shares its borders with countries like Pakistan, China,
Nepal, and Bhutan. The North Indian states are popular tourist destinations,
drawing travelers from all over the country. Some of the prominent places include
Shimla, Nainital, Dharamshala, and Dehradun, which are sought after during the
summer months to escape the heat.
North Indian States and Union Territories
The North Indian region consists of six states and four Union Territories. Let's take
a closer look at each of them:
1. Delhi
Delhi, officially known as the National Capital Territory of Delhi, is a Union
Territory situated in the northern part of India. It is the second-largest city in
terms of population and the largest metropolitan city by area in India. The city is
governed by Lieutenant Governor Vinai Kumar Saxena and Chief Minister Arvind
Kejriwal.
North India - Political
Demographics of Delhi
· Country: India
· Territory: Delhi
· Area: 1,483 km
2
· Official Languages: English, Hindi, Punjabi, Urdu
· Population: n o i l l i M 0 5 . 6 2 
· Coordinates: 28°36'36"N 77°13'48"E
· Time Zone: IST (UTC+5:30)
· Literacy Rate: % 1 2 . 6 8 
2. Haryana
Haryana is a state located in North India. It shares its borders with Punjab and
Himachal Pradesh in the north, Rajasthan in the west and south, and Uttarakhand
and Uttar Pradesh in the east. Haryana is also surrounded by Delhi on its
northern, western, and southern borders, making it a part of the National Capital
Region. The state is currently governed by Chief Minister Manohar Lal of the
Bharatiya Janata Party.
Demographics of Haryana
· Country: India
· Capital: Chandigarh
· Area: 44,212 km
2
· Official Languages: Haryanavi, Punjabi, English
· Population: 25,351,462
· Coordinates: 30.73°N 76.78°E
· Time Zone: IST (UTC+05:30)
· Literacy Rate: 75.55%
3. Himachal Pradesh
Himachal Pradesh is one of the most popular states in Northern India. It is known
for its breathtaking landscapes and snow-covered mountains. Himachal Pradesh
shares its borders with Jammu and Kashmir in the north, Haryana and Uttar
Pradesh in the south, Punjab in the west and south-west, and Uttarakhand in the
south-east. The state is currently governed by Chief Minister Jai Ram Thakur of
the Bharatiya Janata Party.
North India - Political
Demographics of Himachal Pradesh
· Country: India
· Capital: Shimla
· Area: 55,673 km
2
· Official Languages: Hindi, Sanskrit
· Population: n o i l l i M 6 8 . 6 
· Coordinates: 31°6'12"N 77°10'20"E
· Time Zone: IST (UTC+05:30)
· Literacy Rate: 82.80%
4. Jammu and Kashmir
Jammu and Kashmir, situated in the northernmost part of India, is known for its
natural beauty and rich cultural heritage. Formerly a state, it was designated as a
union territory in 2019. Jammu and Kashmir are nestled in the Himalayan
Mountains and share borders with Himachal Pradesh and Punjab in the south,
and the People's Republic of China in the north and east. The union territory is
currently governed by Lieutenant Governor Shri Manoj Sinha.
Demographics of Jammu and Kashmir
· Country: India
· Capital: Jammu (winter), Srinagar (summer)
· Area: 222,236 km
2
· Official Languages: Urdu, Kashmiri, Dogri, Hindi, and English
· Population: ) d e t a m i t s e ( e r o r c 7 5 . 1 
· Coordinates: 33.45°N 76.24°E
· Time Zone: IST (UTC+05:30)
· Literacy Rate: 67.16%
5. Uttarakhand
Uttarakhand, formerly known as Uttaranchal, is a state located in northern India.
It was carved out of the north-western districts of Uttar Pradesh and the adjoining
Himalayan Ranges on November 9, 2000. Uttarakhand is often referred to as the
"Land of Gods" due to its numerous holy Hindu temples. The state shares its
borders with Nepal in the east, the Tibet Autonomous Region in the north, Uttar
Pradesh in the south, Haryana in the west, and Himachal Pradesh in the
North India - Political
northwest. The current Chief Minister of Uttarakhand is Pushkar Singh Dhami
from the Bharatiya Janata Party.
Demographics of Uttarakhand
· Country: India
· Capital: Dehradun
· Area: 53,483 km
2
· Official Languages: Hindi, Sanskrit
· Population: 10,086,000
· Coordinates: 30.33°N 78.06°E
· Time Zone: IST (UTC+05:30)
· Literacy Rate: 78.80%
6. Punjab
Punjab, situated in the northwest part of India, is a vibrant state known for its
natural beauty. It shares its borders with Jammu and Kashmir in the north,
Himachal Pradesh in the east, Haryana in the south, and Pakistan in the west. The
capital of Punjab is Chandigarh, which is also the shared capital of Haryana. The
state is currently governed by Chief Minister Bhagwant Mann of the Aam Aadmi
Party.
Demographics of Punjab
· Country: India
· Capital: Chandigarh
· Area: 50,362 km
2
· Official Languages: Punjabi
· Population: 0 0 0 , 2 9 9 , 0 3 
· Coordinates: 30.79°N 76.78°E
· Time Zone: IST (UTC+05:30)
· Literacy Rate: 4 8 . 5 7 %
Conclusion
The North Indian states and Union Territories offer a wealth of cultural, historical,
and natural attractions. From the bustling streets of Delhi to the tranquil valleys
of Himachal Pradesh and the majestic landscapes of Jammu and Kashmir, this
region has something to offer every traveler. Whether you're seeking spiritual
North India - Political
enlightenment, adventure in the mountains, or a glimpse into India's rich history,
North India states are the perfect destination.